湖北省水稻主栽品種對白葉枯病菌的抗性鑒定

袁斌+張舒+呂亮+常向前+楊小林

摘要：采用8個白葉枯病菌（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae）小種接種鑒定72個湖北省主栽水稻品種對白葉枯病菌的抗性。鑒定結果顯示，能夠同時抗這8個菌株的僅有鄂粳優775;能抗其中7個菌株的僅有廣兩優476;能抗其中6個菌株的有5個品種;14個品種能抗其中的5個菌株;9個品種能抗其中的4個菌株;還有33個品種只能抗其中的2～3個菌株;甚至有兩個品種對所有菌株都感病。8個鑒定菌株表現的致病性差異大，FuJ的致病性最強，僅鄂粳優775一個品種對其有抗性;YN1也有很強的致病力，僅兩個品種表現對其有抗性;16個品種表現對ScYc-6有抗性;其他菌株都有50%以上的品種表現出抗性。鑒定結果表明，湖北省主栽水稻品種普遍對白葉枯菌病的抗性不好，尤其是對FuJ和YN1菌株缺乏抗性，這種狀況導致水稻白葉枯病構成了湖北省水稻生產的潛在威脅，也是近兩年湖北部分地區白葉枯病成片發生，造成水稻絕收的主因。

關鍵詞：水稻;白葉枯病菌;抗病品種

中圖分類號：S432.4+4 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼：A ? ? ? ?文章編號：0439-8114（2015）23-5912-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.029

Identification of Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae in Rice Cultivars

in Hubei Province

YUAN Bin，ZHANG Shu，LV Liang，CHANG Xiang-qian，YANG Xiao-lin

（Institute of Plant Protection，Soil and Fertilizer，Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crops of Central China，Ministry of Agriculture，P. R.China/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease，Insect Pests and Weeds Control，Wuhan 430064，China）

Abstract：Using eight races of bacterial blight（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae），72 rice cultivars in Hubei were inoculationed for bacterial blight resistance. The results showed that Egengyou 775 could resist all eight races; Guangliangyou 476 could resistant seven strains; five cultivars could resistant six strains;14 cultivars could resistant five strains;nine varieties could resistant to four strains; and 33 species could resistant to 2～3 strains; specially，two varieties were susceptible to all strains. The virulence of FuJ was the strongest， only Egengyou 775 could resistance to it; YN1 also had a strong virulence， only two varieties showed its resistance; only 16 varieties were resistant to ScYc-6; more than 50% of the varieties showed resistance to other strains. The results of identification showed rice cultures in hubei were bad of bacteria blight，especially， the resistant cultures for FuJ and YN1 were lacking，which leads to bacterial blight poses a potential threat to rice production in Hubei Province.

Key words： rice; Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; resistance cultivar

水稻白葉枯病（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae）是水稻三大病害之一，在湖北曾經造成水稻嚴重減少[1]。近年來，以抗病品種為主的綜合防治措施的推廣，使湖北省白葉枯病發病面積大大減少，但是仍有部分地區時常暴發造成損失。因此采用抗病品種防治白葉枯病依然是防治水稻白葉枯病發生的重要措施，掌握湖北省水稻主栽品種對白葉枯病菌的抗性情況，有利于水稻品種的合理布局并利于該病的防治[2，3]。

1 ?材料與方法

1.1 ?水稻品種與種植

2013和2014年收集近年來湖北省各主要稻區水稻主栽及后備品種72個。供試品種種植于湖北省農業科學院植保土肥研究所南湖試驗田，單本栽插，每品種（系）種植1行，每行種植10株，株行距分別為16 cm和25 cm，3次重復，肥水管理與大田生產相同，接種抽出完整劍葉。endprint