羅有師 魏達(dá)友 黃友清等
[摘要] 目的 探討超聲篩查新生兒發(fā)育性髖關(guān)節(jié)異常(DDH)的臨床價(jià)值。 方法 對(duì)926例新生兒進(jìn)行DDH超聲篩查,比較健康新生兒雙髖關(guān)節(jié)α、β角和股骨頭覆蓋率(MR),并比較正常髖關(guān)節(jié)與異常髖關(guān)節(jié)α、β角和MR。結(jié)果 926例新生兒中,738例(79.7%)髖關(guān)節(jié)正常,188例(20.3%)存在髖關(guān)節(jié)異常,其中41例(4.4%)為DDH患兒,男15例,女26例,男女之比為1∶1.73,健康新生兒兩側(cè)髖關(guān)節(jié)α、β角度及MR比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P >0.05),正常髖關(guān)節(jié)α角和MR大于異常髖關(guān)節(jié),β角小于異常髖關(guān)節(jié),差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P <0. 05)。臀位、剖宮產(chǎn)和女性均為新生兒髖關(guān)節(jié)異常的危險(xiǎn)因素。 結(jié)論 超聲檢查操作簡(jiǎn)單,無輻射,具有可重復(fù)性,對(duì)新生兒DDH的診斷和治療過程的檢測(cè)具有重要意義,可作為新生兒DDH首選的篩查方法。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 新生兒;發(fā)育性髖關(guān)節(jié)異常;超聲
[中圖分類號(hào)] R587.2 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2014)11-0061-03
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical value of ultrasound screening of developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) in neonates. Methods A total of 926 neonates underwent ultrasound screening of DDH, compared double hip α angle, β angle and femoral head coverage(MR) of healthy newborns, and compared α angle, β angle and MR of normal hip with those of abnormal hip. Results Among 926 newborns , 738 cases(79.7%) of normal hip joint, 188 cases(20.3%) of the hip abnormalities, including 41 cases(4.4%) of DDH were found, 15 cases were male, 26 cases were female, and male-female ratio of 1∶1.73, double hip α angle, β angle and MR of healthy newborns were compared, the differences had no statistical significance(P >0.05), α angle and MR of normal hip joint were greater than those of the abnormal hip, while β angle was less than that of the abnormal hip, the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05). Breech, cesarean section and women were risk factors for neonatal hip joint abnormality. Conclusion The ultrasonic measurement has the advantages of simple operation, no radiation and repeatability, it has an important significance in the diagnosis and treatment of detection of neonatal DDH, it can be used as the preferred method for DDH.
[Key words] Neonate; Developmental dysplasia of the hip; Ultrasound
發(fā)育性髖關(guān)節(jié)異常(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)是嬰幼兒常見的肢體發(fā)育缺陷性疾病之一,我國(guó)1%~10%的新生兒中有DDH傾向,而發(fā)病率約0.07‰~1.75‰,尤以北方地區(qū)發(fā)病率較高[1]。DDH是由于新生兒出生時(shí)髖關(guān)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)存在異常,并且在發(fā)育過程中這種結(jié)構(gòu)異常情況不斷進(jìn)展所致[2],而并非先天性疾病。因此,對(duì)于DDH在新生兒明確診斷,并采取有效治療,可避免發(fā)生髖關(guān)節(jié)脫位和發(fā)育不良。超聲波可較好地穿透尚未完全骨化的髖關(guān)節(jié),高頻超聲檢查可提供髖關(guān)節(jié)清晰、可靠的圖像,且具有無創(chuàng)和可重復(fù)性的優(yōu)點(diǎn),成為新生兒DDH早期篩查的主要手段,本研究通過分析926例新生兒髖關(guān)節(jié)超聲篩查結(jié)果,探討超聲檢查對(duì)DDH篩查的臨床價(jià)值。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
所選對(duì)象926例均為2012年8月~2013年8月 本院產(chǎn)科出生的足月新生兒,男466例,女460例,胎齡37~42周,平均(39. 2±2.3)周,出生時(shí)體重2448~4016 g,平均(3547.4±367.6)g,篩查時(shí)間為出生后3~8 d,平均(5.1±2.2)d。
1.2儀器與方法
采……