摘 要:本文利用山東省新型農村金融機構的調查數據,分析了三類新型農村金融機構支農行為的差異及支農目標的共同特征,并從信貸行為角度解釋其支農目標的實現。新型農村金融機構支農目標主要體現為借款者數量增加。貸款余額的擴大、期限多樣性的增加、審批效率的提高及涉農成本的降低有利于增加借款者數量。政府的支農政策應鼓勵新型農村金融機構增加借款者數量,僅關注支農深度及涉農比例只會干擾新型農村金融機構的市場化運行或鼓勵支農數據造假行為。信貸政策上,應鼓勵新型農村金融機構擴大貸款規模、增加貸款期限彈性、提高貸款審批效率、降低涉農貸款成本,并通過新型農村金融機構信貸模式創新,更有效地完成支農目標。
關鍵詞:新型農村金融機構;支農目標;信貸行為
Abstract:Using the survey data from three types of new rural financial institutions(NRFIs) in Shandong Province,this paper analyses the common and peculiar characteristics of outreach of NRFIs and explains the outreach in credit behavior. Increasing the number of borrowers is the main outreach of NRFIs. Loan balance,length of maturity,efficiency of examination and approval are positive to the number of borrowers,but fee is negative to the number of borrowers. The government should encourage the new rural financial situations to increase the number of borrowers. Emphasis on the agriculture-related depth and proportion can only interfere with the market-oriented operation of new rural financial institutions and encourage the fake agriculture-supporting phenomenon. In terms of credit policy,the government should encourage new financial institutions to expand its credit scale,increase the elasticity of credit duration,raise the approval efficiency of credit and reduce the agriculture-related loans. Besides,the government should take corresponding credit policies and emphasize credit innovation in order to effectively complete the outreach.
Key Words:new rural financial institutions,outreach,credit behavior
中圖分類號:F830.6 文獻標識碼:B 文章編號:1674-2265(2013)11-0060-06
收稿日期:2013-10-15
基金項目:農業部軟科學研究項目《發展新型農村金融機構研究》(201212)。
作者簡介:羅紅梅(1976-),天津財經大學2012級金融學博士生,齊魯工業大學商學院講師,研究方向為農村金融。
一、引言
農戶融資難長期困擾著我國農村金融發展。為打破阻礙農村經濟發展的金融瓶頸,2006年12月中國銀監會發布了《關于調整放寬農村地區銀行業金融機構準入政策 更好支持社會主義新農村建設的若干意見》,啟動了一輪農村金融機構的增量改革。在該政策指引下,成立了一批村鎮銀行、小額貸款公司、農村資金互助社、貸款公司等金融機構。……