摘 要:為緩解中小企業(yè)旺盛的過橋資金需求,山東省許多小額貸款公司和擔(dān)保公司依靠特殊的行業(yè)稟賦、股東結(jié)構(gòu)和信息對稱的比較優(yōu)勢,成為中小企業(yè)過橋資金的提供者。本文經(jīng)過調(diào)研分析認(rèn)為,應(yīng)為中小企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)市場主導(dǎo)的過橋資金融資,在業(yè)務(wù)透明化、公開化基礎(chǔ)上給予合理監(jiān)管和防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
關(guān)鍵詞:過橋融資;信息不對稱;市場主導(dǎo);民間借貸
Abstract:In order to satisfy the active demand for bridge financing,many citys in Shandon have introduced the policy of working capital loan. However,it is faced with several problems such as “helping the strong rather than the weak”,narrow coverage and alienated usage of funds. So many microfinance and guarantee companies have become the provider of bridge loans for SMEs,as they have the comparative advantage of special industry endowments, shareholder structure and information symmetry. After research and analysis,this paper believes that market-oriented bridge financing should be designed for SMEs on the basis of transparent and open business. In addition to the support given by the government,proper supervision should be given so as to prevent risks.
Key Words:bridge financing,information asymmetry,market-oriented,private lending
中圖分類號:F830 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:B 文章編號:1674-2265(2013)11-0056-04
收稿日期:2013-10-15
作者簡介:鄭現(xiàn)中(1968-),男,中國人民銀行濟(jì)寧市中心支行行長,高級經(jīng)濟(jì)師;楊家杰(1963-),男,中國人民銀行濟(jì)寧市中心支行副行長,高級經(jīng)濟(jì)師;高雷(1975-),男,供職于中國人民銀行濟(jì)寧市中心支行,經(jīng)濟(jì)師。
一、引言
過橋資金是中小企業(yè)為歸還銀行到期貸款并重新續(xù)貸,在自有資金不足的情況下,通過各種方式籌措資金,在重新獲取貸款后再償還這部分融資。過橋資金是一種過渡性的短期資金需求,其目的不是用于生產(chǎn),而是單純作為財(cái)務(wù)上資金鏈斷點(diǎn)的銜接。當(dāng)前中小企業(yè)信貸斷點(diǎn)的存在,既是企業(yè)資金緊張的表現(xiàn),也與我國銀行信貸管理模式有關(guān)。商業(yè)銀行在發(fā)放流動(dòng)資金貸款時(shí)人為地給企業(yè)制定了一個(gè)所謂的“生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營周期”,下一個(gè)周期開始再投放。但實(shí)際上,大部分中小企業(yè)并不存在明顯的周期,其資金循環(huán)是連續(xù)的,不存在一個(gè)周期結(jié)束資金退出的情況(劉吉運(yùn)、曹黔然,2010)。當(dāng)前在銀行“還舊借新”規(guī)則難以改變的現(xiàn)狀下,這種斷點(diǎn)困局必然長期存在,導(dǎo)致中小企業(yè)過橋資金需求異常旺盛,催生了廣闊的過橋資金需求市場,活躍了民間資金,大量非銀行類機(jī)構(gòu)充當(dāng)著資金中介角色,從事過橋貸款業(yè)務(wù),隱藏了較大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。……