淺談as和which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句

【中圖分類號】G424.1 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼】B【文章編號】2095-3089（2012）13-0271-01

高中學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)定語從句時(shí)，對as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句解題運(yùn)用中，總有些混淆。現(xiàn)將as和 which 的用法歸納如下：

As引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句，構(gòu)成的句型有：the same …as； as…as； such…as； so…as

（1）. It is the same story as I heard from her yesterday.

這故事跟我昨天從她那兒聽到的相同。

（2）.Such girls as he knew were nurses.

她認(rèn)識的那些女孩是護(hù)士。

（3）.He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find.

他要盡可能找漂亮的女孩結(jié)婚。

（4）.Here is no difficult a problem as none of us can solve.

這個問題太難，我們無法解決。

As 引導(dǎo)的非限定性的定語從句與which的區(qū)別。

1. 用來引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)，可以指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，as和which可以換用.

He turned out to be very successful， which（as） was more than we could expected.

他竟然成功了，這一點(diǎn)我們沒有預(yù)料到。

He saw the play， as （which） he had hoped.

他看了這出戲劇，這是他所盼望的事。

2. as 用來應(yīng)當(dāng)非限定性定語從句，只指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，從句可置于句首，句中，或句尾.

As is known to all ， Edison invented the telephone.

=Edison inventd the telephone，as is known to all.

=Edison ，as is known to all， invented the telephone.

眾所周知，愛迪生發(fā)明了電話。

3.非限定性定語從句中的謂語為被動式時(shí)，常用as作主語。如：be said /known/announced/reported/discussed 等等。

Grammar， as has been said before ， is not a set of dead rules.

正如前面所說的，語法不是一套死規(guī)則。

As is known to all， Taiwan is a part of China.

眾所周知，臺灣是中國的一部分。

4.As引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，有“如、似、正如”的含義。因此，下面的句式中多用as。

as has been said above 如上所說

as anybody can see 正如人人都看到的那樣

as we had expected 正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣

as seems likely 似乎可能

as I remember （it） 如同往常一樣

as （it） appears 正如看出的

（1）Things are not always as they appear.事情并不總像從外表看到的那樣。

（2）The work is making as much progress as can be expected .

這項(xiàng)工作的進(jìn)展很理想. 5. which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，指代整個主句內(nèi)容時(shí)，從句只能置于尾。

The decision was postponed， which was exactly what he wanted .

決議延期作出，這正是他所要求的 。

6. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，指代主句中的一個詞（即先行詞），從句置于先行詞之后，可在句中或句尾。

The football match ，which I watched yesterday ， is very interesting .

我昨天看的那場足球賽非常有趣。

7.which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，指代整個主句的內(nèi)容 ，從句的謂語帶有賓語，有待還帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語。

（1）After that things improved， which astonished me .

后來事情有了進(jìn)展，這使我很吃驚。

（2） Water changes into steam， which is known to be a physical change.

水變成 蒸氣，這被認(rèn)為是一種物理變化 。

8. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句 ，指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，從句的意思與主句相反，即從句維否定式或帶有否定前綴的形容詞。

（1）She was very patient towards the children ，which her husband seldom was .

她對孩子們很耐心，她丈夫卻很少這樣。

（2）He can write a letter in English ，which I cannot.

他能用英文寫信，而我不能。

（3）He has married again ，which was unexpected.

他又結(jié)婚了，這是沒有預(yù)料到的。

Practice：

1.The British are not familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things ，is often the case.

A. as B.that C，so D.it

2.Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city happened in Tangshan in 1976.

A. as B.that C. where D.like

3.The writer has written quite a few books now，his teachers and parents didn`t expect.

A.that B. as C.of which D. which

4. Such things you described are rare now.

A. as B.who C.that D.which

5. is mentioned above ， the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. It B.As C.That D. What

6. The Beatles， many of you are old enough to remember ， came from Liverpool.

A. what B.that C.how D.as

7. Last week the teacher asked us so difficult a question none of us could answer.

A. as B. which C. that D. what

8. She wore， was very uncommon in the country ，a white pair of shoes.

A. which B.that C. as D，what

9.Advertising can increase product sales， has long been proved.

A.it B. as C.as it D.what

10.is often the case， we have worked out the production plan.

A. As B.What C.It D.Which

Keys：

1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A

總之，“比較型”題型眾多，解決這些問題時(shí)，應(yīng)從問題的結(jié)構(gòu)特征入手，多角度，多層次地思考，仔細(xì)分析數(shù)量關(guān)系，揭示題設(shè)與結(jié)論之間的聯(lián)系，結(jié)合所學(xué)概念、性質(zhì)、定理、公式等確定科學(xué)的解題方法，同時(shí)平時(shí)注意收集各種解題技巧和方法，加強(qiáng)練習(xí)和訓(xùn)練，使問題得以解決。