摘要:采用基質(zhì)盆栽試驗(yàn),研究了鋪地竹(Sasa argenteastriatus E. G. Camus) 葉片對(duì)結(jié)球生菜(Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata L.)種子萌發(fā)和幼苗生長(zhǎng)的影響,結(jié)果表明,鋪地竹葉片粉末對(duì)結(jié)球生菜種子的萌發(fā)和幼根生長(zhǎng)具有一定的抑制作用,隨著濃度的增加抑制作用增強(qiáng),在50~200 g/m2的范圍內(nèi),幼根抑制率為12.15%~28.91%。在50~100 g/m2的用量下,鋪地竹葉片對(duì)結(jié)球生菜苗長(zhǎng)表現(xiàn)為促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)作用,而在200 g/m2時(shí),則表現(xiàn)為抑制生長(zhǎng)作用。施用鋪地竹葉片后3 d、6 d、9 d和12 d,結(jié)球生菜幼苗的葉綠素含量特別是葉綠素a的含量顯著減少,隨著基質(zhì)中葉片粉末濃度的增加,結(jié)球生菜葉綠素含量降低,葉綠素a含量高低依次為對(duì)照、低濃度處理、中濃度處理、高濃度處理。隨著處理后時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),竹葉對(duì)結(jié)球生菜葉片葉綠素a含量的影響減弱。這個(gè)結(jié)果進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了自然條件下鋪地竹葉片對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)的化感效應(yīng),說明其具有開發(fā)植物源除草劑的潛力,為研究鋪地竹葉片中的化感物質(zhì)提供了佐證。
關(guān)鍵詞:鋪地竹;結(jié)球生菜;化感作用;發(fā)芽;幼苗生長(zhǎng);葉綠素
中圖分類號(hào):S795.9;S636.2;Q948.12+2.1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2011)20-4209-04
Effects of Sasa argenteostriatus Leaves on the Seed Germination, Seedling Growth
of Lactuca sativa var. capitata
ZHANG Jun1,TANG Feng2,TANG Jun1
(1. School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036,China;
2. International Centre for Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing 100102,China)
Abstract: Effects of Sasa argenteastriatus E. G. Camus leaves on the seed germination and seedling growth of Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata L. were determined in substrate culture. These results showed that the inhibition of seed germination and root growth was about 12.15% to 28.91% with the concentration range (50~200 g/m2) of S. argenteostriatus leaves, and the inhibition became stronger as the concentration increased. In addition, S. rgenteostriatus leaves promoted the growth of the seedling with the concentration range of 50~100 g/m2, but the concentration treatment (200 g/m2) had inhibitory effects. On the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th days after added the S. argenteostriatus leaves into substrate, the leaves of S. argenteostriatus could significantly reduce the Chlorophyll content, especially the Chlorophyll a, and it became lower as the concentration of the S. argenteostriatus leaves increased in substrate, but the leaves of S. argenteostriatus had slight effects on Chlorophyll a in the late state. S. argenteostriatus leaves had strong allelopthy to some plant, and S. argenteostriatus leaves might have potential as a botanical herbicide.
Key words: Sasa argenteastriatus E. G. Camus; Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata L.; allelopathy; seed germinate; seeding growth; Chlorophyll
全球每年因農(nóng)田雜草危害造成的糧食產(chǎn)量損失約占總產(chǎn)量的9.7%[1]?;瘜W(xué)除草是防除農(nóng)田雜草的重要措施之一,但是大量使用化學(xué)除草劑,會(huì)引起農(nóng)藥殘留、雜草產(chǎn)生抗藥性、環(huán)境污染等問題,嚴(yán)重影響農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,因而尋求高效、低毒、無污染的新型除草劑受到廣泛關(guān)注。具有化感作用的植物可以向環(huán)境中釋放化感物質(zhì)而抑制雜草種子的萌發(fā)與幼苗生長(zhǎng),所以人類利用化感作用控制農(nóng)田雜草是一種極具潛力的控制措施[2]?!?br>