摘要:鑒于農田土壤含水率以及水分信息獲取的重要性,基于無線傳感器網絡技術(WSN)設計一個農田土壤水分自動監測系統。通過在監測區域部署傳感器網絡,將監測數據匯集到嵌入式測控系統,實現統一的數據管理和網絡路由監測功能。該系統實現了信息采集節點的自動部署、數據自組織傳輸,可以使人們隨時隨地精確獲取作物需水信息。遵循模塊化設計思想,傳感器和功能模塊可組合配置,通用性強,使用靈活。給出了系統硬件和軟件實現方法,包括無線節點設計、數據傳輸及通信等模塊的實現原理。對于土壤水分的監測試驗結果表明,該系統性能穩定,工作可靠,可廣泛應用于其他農業環境監測領域。
關鍵詞:土壤含水率;無線傳感器網絡;監測;設計
中圖分類號:TP202 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2011)20-4285-05
Design of Water Content Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network
CHANG Bo1,NI Sang-chen2
(1. Faculty of Computer Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Techonology,Huaian 223003,Jiangsu,China;
2. College of Information Science and Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)
Abstract: An automatic cropland soil water content monitoring system was designed based on wireless sensor network in response to the importance of cropland soil water content and information. Sensor network was placed in monitoring area; and the information collected was assembled in to the embedded measure and control system to realize unified data management and network routing monitoring function. The designed WSN system implements the automatic deployment of data gathering nodes and self-organized wireless communication, which enabled the crop growers to acquire precise crop water requirement information at any time and any place. The system was designed based on the concepts of modularization; and the sensors and functional modules could be combined configuration, thus the system was versatility and flexible. The implementation method of system hardware and software, including the implementation principle of wireless nodes design, data transfer and communication was described. Monitoring result for soil water content implied that the performance of this system was stabilized and reliable, and could be widely used for automatic agricultural monitoring.
Key words: soil water content; wireless sensor network(WSN); monitoring; design
隨著精準農業的發展和人們對農產品安全的重視,農田土壤信息(如含水率)的實時獲取變得越來越重要。土壤含水率是地表和大氣之間通過蒸發的方式進行能量和水分交換的主要控制因子,很大程度上影響農作物的健康狀況[1]。人工測量農田墑情,既耗費人力,又不能實時監控;采用有線監控的布線及擴展成本較高,且不便于農耕。無線傳感網絡是一種集信息采集、處理和無線傳輸于一體的先進監測技術,在諸多領域,如國防軍事、環境監測[2]、工程安全[3]以及農業溫室[4]、畜禽養殖場和食品加工等[5]方面,已經得到了一定的應用。已經有國內外科研人員將其應用于不同農業環境監測領域[6,7]。……