摘要:試驗比較米蛾卵在4℃(±1℃)低溫貯存不同時間后,對赤眼蜂寄生的影響以及赤眼蜂中期幼蟲經(jīng)低溫后的表現(xiàn)。結(jié)果表明,米蛾卵低溫貯存時間越長赤眼蜂對其寄生量越少,米蛾卵經(jīng)低溫貯存15 d,其被寄生量低于新鮮米蛾卵被寄生量的50%;赤眼蜂低溫貯存時間越長,其羽化率越低,低溫貯存25 d平均羽化率均低于50%。可以認(rèn)為,在進(jìn)行赤眼蜂人工生產(chǎn)時,米蛾卵低溫貯存時間不宜超過15 d、赤眼蜂低溫貯存不宜超過20 d。
關(guān)鍵詞:赤眼蜂;低溫;寄生量;羽化率
中圖分類號:S476.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2011)20-4194-03
Effects of Low Temperature Storage Time of Trichogramma sp. and Its Host-eggs on Reproduction of Trichogramma sp.
PAN Xue-h(huán)ong,HUANG Cheng-h(huán)ua,WEI Ji-li,SHANG Xian-kun
(Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Sugarcane Research Institute,Nanning 530007,China)
Abstract: In order to raise and to apply Trichogramma better, its middle-larvae and host-rice moth eggs were stored in the 4 ℃(±1 ℃) cold conditions. And the parasitizing capacity of Trichogramma on rice moth eggs of different storage time and the behavior of Trichogramma after stored in low temperature were compared. The results showed that the longer rice moth eggs were stored in low temperature, the parasitizing capacity of Trichogramma on them were less. When rice moth eggs were refrigerated for more than 15 days, the parasitizing capacity were less than 50% on fresh eggs. Longer Trichogramma was refrigerated, the emergence rate was less. When middle-larvae of Trichogramma were refrigerated for 25 days, the emergence rate was less than 50%. It could be thought that when in production of Trichogramma, the low-temperature storage time of rice moth eggs and Trichogramma would be no more than 15 days and 20 days respectively.
Key words: Trichogramma sp.; low temperature; parasitizing capacity; emergence rate
赤眼蜂是膜翅目(Hymenoptera)赤眼蜂科(Trichogrammatidae)昆蟲的統(tǒng)稱,廣泛分布于世界各地,是許多農(nóng)林害蟲的重要天敵,也是世界范圍內(nèi)害蟲生物防治技術(shù)中研究最多、應(yīng)用最廣的一類寄生性昆蟲[1]。赤眼蜂能否適宜大量人工繁殖和貯存是篩選蜂種的重要指標(biāo)之一,同時也是開展淹沒式釋放的前提。在繁殖大量赤眼蜂過程中,因蜂種貯存不當(dāng),會造成赤眼蜂羽化率下降甚至無法羽化而喪失赤眼蜂商品價值,也會直接影響田間害蟲防治。因此,放蜂前赤眼蜂良好的保存狀態(tài)很關(guān)鍵。目前國內(nèi)外赤眼蜂繁殖工藝中普遍采用低溫貯存來解決這一問題。在常規(guī)低溫貯存赤眼蜂方面,常以羽化率這一指標(biāo)來考察赤眼蜂對低溫的反應(yīng)[2-5],研究表明赤眼蜂的中長期安全貯存的蟲態(tài)以幼蟲中期為最佳[6],羽化率高。
米蛾卵適宜作為赤眼蜂保種和擴(kuò)繁的寄主,大多數(shù)種類的赤眼蜂能利用米蛾卵。……