摘要:采用實驗室內菌餅接種法,以常見的酚酸類化合物對羥基苯甲酸、肉桂酸和甘氨酸、丙氨酸來研究酚酸類物質和氨基酸對西瓜?;顽牭毒ǎ疲酰螅幔颍椋酰?oxysporium f. sp. niveum)生長的影響。結果表明,供試酚酸類物質和氨基酸都對鐮刀菌菌絲生長具有一定促進作用。1.00 mmol/L的對羥基苯甲酸和0.10 mmol/L的肉桂酸對鐮刀菌菌絲促進生長率分別達到9.59%和7.70%,濃度為1.0 g/L的甘氨酸和濃度為0.5 g/L的丙氨酸對鐮刀菌菌絲促進生長率分別達到17.29%和13.70%。肉桂酸和丙氨酸溶液濃度增大對菌絲生長的促進作用呈下降趨勢,表明低濃度能有效促進鐮刀菌菌絲的生長,而高濃度則有利于菌絲色素的產生。試驗結果為探究西瓜的自毒物質是否能通過促進西瓜枯萎病致病菌生長的機制來影響連作西瓜病害的發生提供了依據。
關鍵詞:西瓜專化性型鐮刀菌;酚酸類;氨基酸;菌絲生長
中圖分類號:Q939.95 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2011)20-4181-03
Effects of Phenolic Acids and Amino Acid on the Growth of
Fusarium Oxysporium f. sp. niveum
LIU Ai-min,XU Shuang-suo,LI Qian,CAI Xin
(College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University/ Provincial Key Laboratories of Biotic Environment and Ecological Safety/Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resource in Anhui, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China)
Abstract: The effects of phenolic acids and amino acids on the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporium f. sp.niveum were researched by laboratory inoculating mycelial mass. The compounds of phenolic acids and amino acids selected in this study were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycine and alanine. The results showed that the Fusarium mycelia growth was promoted by phenolic acids and amino acid at some extent. The promoted growth rate could reach 9.59% and 7.70% by 1.00mmol/L of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 0.10 mmol/L of cinnamic acid respectively. The promoted mycelial growth rate could reach 17.29% and 13.70% by the concentration of 1.0g/L of glycine and the concentration of 0.5g/L of alanine respectively. The promoted role would decline with the increasing of the concentration of cinnamic acid and alanine, which indicated the Fusarium mycelial growth could be obviously promoted by low concentration of cinnamic acid and alanine and the production of mycelial pigment could increase at high concentration. The results provided a basis for the occurrence of disease to explore whether autotoxicity watermelon wilt pathogen through the promotion of mechanisms influenced the growth of watermelon cropping.
Key words: Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. niveum; phenolic acid; amino acid; mycelia
隨著我國農業產業結構的調整,西瓜栽培面積越來越大,連作障礙已成為制約西瓜生產的重要因素。西瓜枯萎病是西瓜連作障礙的主要病害之一[1],其病原菌為尖孢鐮刀菌西瓜專化型(Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. niveum)[2,3]。它是一種引起瓜類作物維管束病害的兼性土傳真菌性寄生菌,造成很多作物嚴重減產[4]。鐮刀菌都能產生鐮刀菌毒素,對很多不同植物、真菌和細菌有毒害作用[5]。鐮刀菌酸(Fusaric acid,FA)是鐮刀菌毒素中的一種,是能引起植物萎蔫的一種次生代謝產物[6]。植物通過地上部淋溶、根系分泌和植株殘茬腐解等途徑釋放化學物質對自身生長產生抑制作用的現象被稱為自毒作用[7]?!?br>