呂偉剛,韓曉宇,高延敏
(1.江蘇科技大學 材料科學與工程學院,江蘇 鎮江 212003;2.上海外高橋造船有限公司,上海 200131)
KH-560對硬質聚氨酯發泡材料阻水機理的研究
呂偉剛1,韓曉宇2,高延敏1
(1.江蘇科技大學 材料科學與工程學院,江蘇 鎮江 212003;2.上海外高橋造船有限公司,上海 200131)
為降低水對聚氨酯發泡材料性能的影響,向聚氨酯發泡材料中添加了γ-(2,3-環氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)。并利用TG、SEM、IR研究了添加硅烷偶聯劑前后聚氨酯發泡材料吸水情況,最終研究出發泡材料阻水的機理。TG的結果表明,加入KH-560后,聚氨酯發泡材料的吸水性大大降低。在偶聯劑的添加量為3%時,泡孔結構最佳,而且發泡材料的吸水性最低;SEM的結果表明,加入KH-560后,聚氨酯發泡材料中形成閉孔率較高、泡孔間距較小的結構,有利于緩解水在材料中的吸收與擴散。
偶聯劑;擴散;聚氨酯泡沫;機理
Abstract:In order to reduce the effect of water on the properties of polyurethane foam material,the γ-(2,3-epoxy propoxy)propyl trimethoxysilane (KH-560)was added into the polyurethane foam material.And the water absorption of polyurethane foam material before and after adding silane coupling agents was studied with using TG,SEM and IR.The mechanism of water resistance of foam material was researched.The TG results showed that by adding KH-560,the water absorption of polyurethane foam reduced greatly.When the coupling agent amount was 3%,the foam pore structure was best,and the water absorption of foam material was lowest.The SEM results showed that by adding KH-560,a structure was formed in polyurethane foam material which had higher closed pore rate and smaller space between pores,and this made the water disperse and be absorbed more slowly in the materials.
Key words:Coupling agent;diffusion;polyurethane foam materials;mechanism
硬質聚氨酯泡沫塑料,具有密度小、導熱系數低、強度好,與其它材料粘結性強等特點,是易于成型、施工方便的優良保溫絕熱材,特別是在國防、電器、冷藏、建筑、LNG船等領域被廣泛應用[1]。然而硬質聚氨酯泡沫塑料在長期使用中,水會嚴重影響其性能,眾多研究者發現:聚氨酯泡沫遇水易溶脹、耐水性變差,從而嚴重限制了其在某些耐水性要求較高的場合使用[2]。本論文在前期預試驗中發現質量比吸水率高達3%左右,參照大量同行試驗資料也都說明其體積吸水率達2%~5%[2~4]。因此在聚氨酯的應用領域如何延長水在硬質聚氨酯泡沫中的擴散時間,讓其更安全、穩定應用于工程中已勢在必行。……