王春蓉
(遼寧石油化工大學,遼寧 撫順 113001)
離子交換改性NaX分子篩的交換規(guī)律研究
王春蓉
(遼寧石油化工大學,遼寧 撫順 113001)
在許多場合要求分子篩離子交換后的殘余鈉含量降至一定值,分子篩才具有更好的吸附或催化性能,因此進一步提高交換度是非常必要的。采用離子交換法通過K+和Ba2+復合改性NaX分子篩,測定交換母液的殘留離子濃度來推斷NaX分子篩的交換度,考察改性NaX分子篩的交換規(guī)律。實驗結(jié)果表明:多次Ba2+交換的交換效率可達到80%;多次K+交換的交換效率可達到90%。增加K+和Ba2+交換次數(shù)均可提高NaX分子篩的交換效率,從而改善其吸附或催化性能。
離子交換;NaX分子篩;K+;Ba2+;交換效率
Abstract:The zeolite will have better properties of adsorption and catalysis if the residual sodium content falls to a certain value after ion-exchange in many occasions.Therefore,it is very necessary to further improve the exchange degree.The NaX zeolite is composite modified by ion-exchange with potassium and barium ion,according to residual ion concentration of exchange mother liquor,the exchange degree of NaX zeolite is deduced and the exchange rule of modified NaX zeolite is studied.In conclusion,the exchange efficiency can reach 80%with repeatedly exchange of barium ion,and 90%with repeatedly exchange of potassium ion.The increase of the exchange times of potassium and barium ion can enhance the exchange efficiency of NaX zeolite,thereby the properties of adsorption and catalysis will be improved.
Key words:Ion-exchange;NaX zeolite;potassium ion;barium ion;exchange efficiency
分子篩由于其特有的結(jié)構(gòu)和性能,其應用已涉及石油化工、環(huán)保、生物工程、食品工業(yè)、醫(yī)藥化工等領域,成為一種重要的不可缺少的化工新材料[1]。天然或人工合成的分子篩往往需要改性,以改善其吸附或催化性能,離子交換[2]是一種常用的改性方法。分子篩的離子交換性能[3],可有效地調(diào)變分子篩孔徑、改變分子篩的酸性和催化活性、使分子篩具有較高的熱穩(wěn)定性和水熱穩(wěn)定性。John D.Morgan[4]等在離子交換選擇性熱力學研究中得到精確的氣-固相界面上離子交換選擇性原理。Robert.T.Pabalan[5]等在 25℃時將分子篩分別與 Na+/Sr2+、K+/Sr2+和K+/Ca2+進行試驗,從等溫線數(shù)據(jù)可以推出離子交換平衡常數(shù)。
在許多場合要求分子篩離子交換后的殘余鈉含量降至一定值,分子篩才具有更好的吸附或催化性能。例如何麗新[6]等用NaCl溶液沸水浴靜態(tài)交換輝沸石,可以快速、有效去除沸石中的鈣離子,輝沸石改成Na型后,它的吸附性能和離子交換性能大大增強。……