摘要:《大學英語課程教學要求》詳細闡明了教學評估,并將其分為學生學習的評估和教師教學的評估兩方面。口語教學評估也分為教與學兩方面。將口語教學評估納入到口語教學活動評價標準的框架中有更合理的因素。本文在Ur的成功的口語活動的特點、Bailey的口語教學的原則和Hedge的口語活動中教師的角色的基礎上,構建口語教學活動評價標準,并按照口語教學活動評價標準探討了準確性導向和流暢性導向的口語活動的展開。
關鍵詞:評價標準構建;準確性,流暢性導向;課堂口語活動
Abstract: Teaching assessment is expounded in “College English Curriculum Requirements” and is classified into students’ learning assessment and teachers’ teaching assessment. Oral English teaching, therefore, can be also classified into teaching and learning assessment. There are more reasonable elements in involving the oral teaching assessment in the establishment of evaluation standards of oral activities. Based on Ur’s characteristics of a successful speaking activity, Bailey’s principles for teaching speaking and Hedge’s teacher’s role in communicative classroom, the thesis established the evaluation standards of classroom speaking activities. The thesis also discussed ways of developing speaking activities according to accuracy- and fluency-orientation.
Keywords: establishment of evaluation standards, accuracy-orientation, fluency-orientation, classroom speaking activity
1. 引言
《解讀<大學英語課程教學要求>中的“口語表達能力”》(蘭忠平,2008)從口語能力、口語語篇、口語技能三方對“口語表達能力”進行解讀并得出結論:“口語表達能力”具有深刻的語言學理論基礎,吸收了口語理論的最新成果,從理論上解決了教學內容與知識運用的問題。然而,要全面貫徹《教學要求》中的口語教學要求,高效地進行英語口語教學,需解決口語教學評估問題。《大學英語課程教學要求》指出:“教學評估是大學英語課程教學的一個重要環節。全面、客觀、科學、準確的評估體系對于實現教學目標至關重要。教學評估既是教師獲取教學反饋信息、改進教學管理、保證教學質量的重要依據,又是學生調整學習策略、改進學習方法、提高學習效率和取得良好學習效果的有效手段。”教學評估包括兩部分:對學生學習的評估和對教師教學的評估。口語教學的評估也包含教與學這兩部分內容。……