近年來,高考英語單項選擇題非常注重變化句式,題干設計更加靈活,干擾加大,以考查考生的應變能力。面對高考這種推陳出新、加大難度的舉措,我們只有學會識辨“陷阱”,并輔之以辨證的分析和理性的思考,才能突出重圍,柳暗花明。本文僅就高考中的單項選擇應試技巧加以分析。
一、弄清句子結構,排除定式思維干擾
1. Does the way you thought ofthe problem make any sense?
A.settleB. settledC.settlingD.to settle
說明:此題the way to settle the problem 中加入了定語從句(that)you thought of,增加了此題的迷惑性,讓我們誤以為介詞of 后要接doing 而誤選C。
二、理清思路,進行合理的刪除或補充
在題干中,命題人往往加入或刪除一定內容來加大題目的難度。在答題時,要盡可能地把試題中省略或多余的部分弄清楚,理清思路,進行補充或刪除,這有助于正確地確定答案。
2.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week,better it —you’ve got some big bills coming
A .forgetB. forgotC.forgetting D.to forget
說明:If 連接的為條件狀語從句,因此,forget 作祈使句的謂語,補充完整應為you’d better forget it。
3.But there are some students,instead of devoting their time to their study ,go to the temple and pray for good luck.
A.who B.whom C.whereD.when
說明:句子多了一個介詞短語形式的插入成分,instead of devoting their time to their study,如果將其去除,很明顯是一個定語從句,在從句中缺少主語,因此選項為A。
三、注意關鍵詞和標點的使用
有些時候,題干中的一個關鍵的單詞或符號的出現,可能就會產生完全不同的答案。
4.,but he still couldn’t understand it.
A.He had been told many times
B.Having been told many times
C.Told many times
D.Although he had been told many times
說明:題干中出現了but一詞,因此選項為A,如果句中無but可選B、C、D。
5.She went to the party, she met him.
A.and B.but C.orD./
說明:句中有“,”故選A,如果句中是“;”,則為D。
四、把握語境,抓住隱含信息
為了考查學生捕捉信息的能力,命題人往往把一些重要信息隱藏在語境中。
6.I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon, do you have anything?
A.to be buying B.to be bought C.to buy D.bought
說明:在句中隱含信息為I’m going to the supermarket,因此是我替你買。
7.What we used to thinkimpossible now does seem possible。
A .isB.was C.has beenD.will be
說明:隱含信息為 we used to think,故句子時態為過去時。
五、利用切換法,理清思維順序
高考中往往考查較復雜的句式,如:復合句、強調句、插入語、倒裝句等。做題時考生可將其轉換成容易理解的簡單句、陳述句、正常語序加以分析。
8. homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest。
A. So muchB.Too muchC.Too littleD.So little
說明:本句為倒裝句,如把它還原為 We had to do so much homework that we had no time to take a rest。
9.When I try to understandthat prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect,it seems to me that there are two causes.
A .why it does B. what it doesC. what it is D.why it is
說明:在題干中,understand 后跟一個賓語從句,在從句中又含有一個強調句,如果把強調句去掉則從句中缺主語,因此用what,故答案為C。
六、定式思維與創新思維相結合
10.Mathilide had lost the necklace,Pierre’s face turned white.
A. Hearing B. Having heardC. When hearing D.When he heard
說明:按定式思維思考的話,如Pierre 是句子主語,那么我們可選A、B、 C 三個選項,但在此題中,主語為 Pierre’s face, face 無法產生或發出 hear 的動作,所以選D項。
(責任編輯李 婧)