一、考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)精講
(一)基數(shù)詞
1.基數(shù)詞的表示法

2.20以上的基數(shù)詞的讀法
(1)兩位數(shù)的表示法,在十位和個(gè)位之間加連字符(即“—”),如:22讀作:twenty-two
(2)三位數(shù)的表示法,在百位之后加“and”。如:231讀作:two hundred and thirty—One
(3)四位數(shù)及四位以上的數(shù)的讀法,只在百位之后加and,而千位、萬(wàn)位以上的數(shù)后面不加任何詞,只按順序讀。如:
1,234讀作:one thousand two hundredand thirty-four
5,100,881讀作:five million one hun-dred and ten thousand nine hundred andeighty-one
3.同漢語(yǔ)一樣,英語(yǔ)“百”位數(shù)以上的單位是“千”,但“千”位數(shù)以上的單位是“百萬(wàn)”。英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有“萬(wàn)”這個(gè)詞,是用“十千”來(lái)表示,而“十萬(wàn)”在英語(yǔ)中用“百千”來(lái)表示。如:
hundred 百
thousand 千
ten thousand 萬(wàn)
one/a hundred thousand 十萬(wàn)
million 百萬(wàn)
one/a billion(a/one thousand million) 十億
4.hundred,thousand,million,billion表示具體數(shù)字時(shí),沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如有,則表示不定數(shù)目(常與of連用)。如:
hundreds(thousands,millions)Of dollars
成百(成千,成百萬(wàn))美元
thousands and thousands Of people成千上萬(wàn)的人
millions Of reasons 許許多多的理由
(二)序數(shù)詞

[注意]
(1)第1至第19,除第1(first)、第2(second)、第3(third)外,其余均在基數(shù)詞在的后面加-th構(gòu)成,讀[9]。在某些序數(shù)詞中,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth的拼法與基數(shù)詞有區(qū)別。
(2)第20至第90是將基數(shù)詞詞尾y變成i,再加-eth構(gòu)成,-ieth 讀[ii θ]
(3)hundred,thousand,million的序數(shù)詞均在其后加-th構(gòu)成,即hundredth,thousandth,millionth。
(4)幾十幾及以上的序數(shù)詞,其中十位數(shù)或百位數(shù)、干位數(shù)才用序數(shù)詞。如:
第21 twenty-first(21st)
第99ninety-ninty(99th)
第10 hundred and first(101st)
第274 two hundred and、seventy-fourth(27th)
第1,8050ne thousand eight hundred andfifth(1805th)
(三)數(shù)詞的句法功能
數(shù)詞在句子中有著和形容詞或不定代詞相類似的功能。因此,數(shù)詞可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。
1.作主語(yǔ)
The first is yours.第一個(gè)是你的。
How many Of YOU are making the trip?There are four of us.
你們有多少人去旅行?我們有四人。
2.作賓語(yǔ)
He was among the first tO arrive.他是首批到達(dá)的人之一。
Give me two.給我兩個(gè)。
3.作表語(yǔ)
Six times six it thirty-six.6乘6等于36。
Marx was already fifty when he beganto study Russian.
馬克思開(kāi)始學(xué)俄語(yǔ)時(shí)已經(jīng)50歲了。
4.作定語(yǔ)
Now,let’S come tO the second picture.
現(xiàn)在讓我們看第二幅圖畫(huà)。
There are five different time areas inthe United States.
在美國(guó)有五個(gè)不同的時(shí)區(qū)。
5.作同位語(yǔ)
We will have a speech contest onMonday,the 28th of May.
我們將于五月28日星期一舉行演講比賽。
IS there room for US two?
有我們兩人的位置嗎?
(四)分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)和倍數(shù)
1.分?jǐn)?shù)
分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成的。分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子是1時(shí),分母(序數(shù)詞)用單數(shù)式;分子大于1時(shí),分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式,序數(shù)詞加-S,當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)前面帶有整數(shù)時(shí),要用連詞and連接。如:
one/a third
two-thirds
four-fifths
seven tenths
two and two-thirds
[注意]
1/2通常不讀作one second,而用a/onehalf表示。
數(shù)學(xué)中可以都用基數(shù)詞讀,如:1/2讀作oneover two,2/3讀作two over three,3/4讀作three over four。
2.小數(shù)
小數(shù)的讀法是:小數(shù)點(diǎn)(point)前的基數(shù)詞與前面所講的基數(shù)詞讀法完全相同,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后則須將數(shù)字——讀出,如:
0.25 zero point two five
1.34 one point three four
[注意]
“O”的讀法有:zero,nought(美)。
3.百分?jǐn)?shù)
百分?jǐn)?shù)中的百分號(hào)%讀作percent,無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:
5%five per cent/percent
0.8%zero point eight percent
100%one hundred percent
4.倍數(shù)
英語(yǔ)用twice表示兩倍,兩倍以上用基數(shù)詞加times表示。
This room iS three times as large aSthat one.
這個(gè)房間有那個(gè)房間三個(gè)大。
He is double my age.
他的年齡是我的兩倍。
(五)時(shí)刻表達(dá)法
1.表示“幾點(diǎn)鐘”用基數(shù)詞加o’clock常可省略。前面用介詞at表示“在幾點(diǎn)鐘”。如:
We get up St six(at six o’clock),我們6點(diǎn)起床。
2.表示“幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分”用past,但分鐘數(shù)須在半小時(shí)以內(nèi)(包括半小時(shí)在內(nèi))。如:
7:05 five past seven
7:15 fifteen(a puarter)past seven
7:30 half past seve
3.表示“幾點(diǎn)差幾分”,用介詞to,但分鐘數(shù)須在半小時(shí)以上(不包括半小時(shí)在內(nèi))。如:
7:57 three tO eight
11:46 fourtten to twelve
2:40 twenty tO three
4.幾刻鐘。如:
一刻鐘 a quarter
三刻鐘 three quarters
9點(diǎn)一刻 q quarter past nine
(六)星期表示法
星期開(kāi)頭第一個(gè)字母須大寫(xiě)。(后附其縮寫(xiě)式)
星期日 Sunday
Sun.
星期一 Monday
Mon.
星期二 Tuesday
Tues.
星期三 Wednesday
Wed.
星期四 Thurday
Thurs.
星期五 Friday
Fri.
星期六 Saturday
Sat.
[注意]
表示“在星期幾”,用介詞on。如:onSunday。
(七)月份、日期表示法
1.月份名稱
月份開(kāi)頭第一個(gè)字母須大寫(xiě)。(后附其縮寫(xiě)式,其中,五月無(wú)縮寫(xiě)式)。如:
一月
January
Jan.
二月
February
Feb.
三月
March
Mar.
四月
April
Feb.
五月
May
六月
June
Jun.
七月
July
Jul.
八月
August
Aug.
九月
September
Sept.
十月
October
Oct.
十一月
November
Nov.
十二月 December
Dec.
[注意]
表示“在某月”用介詞in。如:October在十月。
2.在某年某月某日
表示某年某月某日,常在年份前加上逗號(hào)。介詞應(yīng)用on。如:
on April 5,1976
1976年4月5日
on September 1,1989 1989年9月1日
on May 17,1960
1960年5月17日
年和月連用時(shí),應(yīng)把月寫(xiě)在前面,年寫(xiě)在后面,中間可以用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),也可以不用。如:
August 1989
December 1990
月和日連用時(shí),可用兩種方法來(lái)表示。如5月4日可寫(xiě)成May4(讀作May(the fourth)或4May(讀作the fourth of May)。
(八)表示世紀(jì)、年代
20世紀(jì)
(in)the 20th century
30年代
(in)the thirties
20世紀(jì)90年代
(in the)1990’s或1990’S(nineteen nineties)
1983年
(in)1983(nineteen eighty-three)
(九)溫度計(jì)刻度的讀法
用基數(shù)詞表示:degree表示“度”;centigrad表示“百分度的,攝氏”;minus表示“負(fù)的”;point表示“小數(shù)點(diǎn)”。如:
—3℃ 零下3攝氏度 讀作:minus threedegrees centigrad(或three below zero)
—18℃ 零下18攝氏度 讀作:miunus eigh-teen degrees centigrade(或eighteen belowzero)
20℃
20攝氏度
讀作:twentydegrees centigrade
25.3℃ 25.3攝氏度
讀作:twenty-fivepoint three degrees centigrade
(十)四則運(yùn)算表示法
1.算式符號(hào)
+讀作:plus/and
—讀作:minus/from/take away
×讀作:times/multiplied by
÷讀作:over/divided by
=讀作:equal(s)/iS equal tO或iS/are,或makes/make
2.算式的讀法
3+6=9
Three plus six is nine.
5+5=?
How much iS five plus five?
10-5=5
Ten minus five
4×2=8
Four times two is eight.
20÷4=5
Twenty divided by four isfive.
25-5=?
How much is twenty fiveminus five?
二、典型考題精析
1.His uncle has lived at_____for tenyears.(北京)
A.No.103 xinhua Street
B.103 Xin hua Street
C.Xinhua Street 103
D.Xinhua Street No.103
[答案]B。評(píng)析:居住住的門牌號(hào)用“介詞at+號(hào)數(shù)+街名”表示,答案選B。
2.We say“1982,3,1”like this:_____.(山西)
A.nineteen eighty-two three one
B.nineteen eighty-two Macth one
C.March the first,nineteen eighty-two
D.the first,March nineteen eighty-two
[答案]C。評(píng)析:英語(yǔ)中年、月、日的表達(dá)順序是:月份+序數(shù)名詞表示日+年份,答案為C。英語(yǔ)中常用月/日/年或日/月/年的表達(dá)法。
3.9:45 is the time Of_____.
A.a(chǎn) quarter past nine
B.a(chǎn) quarter tO nine
C.a(chǎn) quarter tO ten
D.three quarters past nine
[答案]C。評(píng)析:鐘點(diǎn)可用兩種方式表達(dá)。第一種與漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)法相近,先說(shuō)幾點(diǎn)再說(shuō)幾分,時(shí)和分鐘都用具體的基數(shù)詞來(lái)表示;第二種方法是借助介詞past和to分兩種情況來(lái)表達(dá)。當(dāng)所過(guò)分鐘與整點(diǎn)之間沒(méi)過(guò)半小時(shí),用幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分的表達(dá)方式,即“分鐘+past+整點(diǎn)”;當(dāng)分鐘與整點(diǎn)之間超過(guò)了半小時(shí)則用差幾分幾點(diǎn)的表達(dá)方式即“分鐘+to+下一個(gè)整點(diǎn)”。正好半小時(shí),習(xí)慣上用“half past+鐘點(diǎn)”,整點(diǎn)時(shí)用“時(shí)刻+O’clock。正確答案為C。如9:15讀作nine fifteen或fifteen/a quarter past nine;1:45讀作one forty five或a quarter tO two。
4.____Summer Olympics was held inBarcelona in Spain.(貴陽(yáng))
A.Twenty-fourty
B.The twenty-fourth
C.Twentieth-four
D.The twentieth-fourth
[答案]B。評(píng)析:序數(shù)詞前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。另外,含有十位和個(gè)位的序數(shù)詞只在連字符號(hào)后個(gè)位用序數(shù)詞,答案選B。
5.By_____the computer will probablyhave touched the lives Of everyone.(北京)
[答案]C。評(píng)析:當(dāng)表示年月日方法為某一特定年份,而不表示年的數(shù)量,應(yīng)采用the year2000,答案為C。
6.There will be_____visitors in HongKong on July 1,1997.(吉林)
A.thousands
B.thousand
C.thousands Of
D.thousand Of
[答案]C。評(píng)析:表示不確定的數(shù)目,“幾百、幾千、幾百萬(wàn)”等,要用“hundreds/thousands/millions of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”來(lái)表示,答案選C。
7.Luch and Lily are in____.(重慶)
A.Row Fouth
B.the Row Four
C.Row Four
D.Four Row
[答案]C。評(píng)析:對(duì)某事物進(jìn)行編號(hào)時(shí),可用基數(shù)詞,但開(kāi)頭字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě),并與被編號(hào)的事物位置顛倒。如Room 20;Book TW03Lesson 7。也可用序數(shù)詞,但前面加“the”,如the thirdlesson;the first letter,答案為C。
8.____Of the apples in the fruitbowl are SOft and sweet.(河南)
A.Two-third
B.Second-third
C.Two-thirds
D.Second-thirds
[答案]C。評(píng)析:數(shù)詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí),前邊是基數(shù)詞,后邊是序數(shù)詞,中間的連字符號(hào)可要可不要。當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí),序數(shù)詞須用復(fù)數(shù)形式,答案為C。
9.——How deep iS the hole?
—It is_____.(廣州)
A.fOUr metre deep
B.four metres deep
C.fOur-metre deep
D.fOur-metres-deep
[答案] B。評(píng)析:四米深的表達(dá)方式應(yīng)該是fOUr metres deep或fOur-metres-deep,因此4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B是對(duì)的。當(dāng)數(shù)詞、名詞和形容詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞時(shí),中間若有“—”連接,則名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
10.Give me____,please.(長(zhǎng)沙)
A.two kiloes Of meat
B.two kilos heavy Of meat
C.meat Of two kilos
D.two kilos of meat
[答案]D。評(píng)析:這句意思是“請(qǐng)給我兩千克肉。”在表示長(zhǎng)、寬、高和深度時(shí)要在單位名稱后加long,wide,high,tall,deep,但重量不能這樣,故B不對(duì);kilo的復(fù)數(shù)是直接加—S,排除A;說(shuō)法不成立;只有D是正確表達(dá)。
11.In____Marx began tO learn Russian.(河北)
A.a(chǎn) 1870
B.the 1870
C.the 1870s
D.hiS 1870
[答案] C。評(píng)析:表示“在幾十年代“用”inthe+年十的數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)”。如20世紀(jì)90年代;in the1990s。答案為C。
12.Now let’S do_____exerciSe.(內(nèi)蒙古)
A.the one
B.first Of our
C.our first
D.first
[答案]C。評(píng)析:該題意思是“現(xiàn)在讓我們做第一個(gè)練習(xí)。”序數(shù)詞可以用在可數(shù)名詞前,但要在序數(shù)詞前加上the,a或形容詞性物主代詞。如the fourth 1esson,a third boy,our firstlesson。答案為C。
13.This square is_____the size of thatone。(武漢)
A.five time
B.five times
C.fifth time
D.rifth times
[答案]B。評(píng)析:表示“A是B的多少倍”可用“倍數(shù)+the size(1ength,Width,height,depth,amount)+of...”句型,答案為B。如:Thismoutain is three times the height Of thatone.這座山峰的高度是那座的3倍。
三、專項(xiàng)強(qiáng)化精練
1.December is the
month in ayear.[2002吉林]
A.twenty
B.twelve
C.twentieth
O.twelfth
2.___HOW many teachers are there inyour school?
—____,but I’m not sure.[2002江西]
A.Hundreds
B.Hundred
C.Hundreds Of D.One hundred
3.Can you Write the number eighty-fivethousand,six hundred and twenty-six?[2002江西]
A.85662
B.85626 C.59662 O.5B626
4.The river is very long and it is about.[2002山東濟(jì)南]
A.20 metres wide
B.15 metres Long
C.30 metres high
D.50 meteres tall
5.My father will have a_____holidaynext month.He’ll take me to Qingdao.[2002山東濟(jì)南]
A.ten days
B.ten day’S
C.ten-days
D.ten days’
6.____people have visited the famousbridge across the river.[2002江蘇無(wú)鍻]
A.Millions;800-meter-long
B.Millions Of;800-metres—Long
C. Millions;800-metres-Long
D.Millons of;800-metre-Long
7.Mr.Green has lived in the____hotelsince he came to Chine.[2002江蘇常州]
A.five—Star
B.five—stars
C.five star’S
D.five Stars
8.What iS 2/3 and 1/4?It’S.[2002江蘇泰州]
A.3/7
B.2/3
C.11/12
D.3/4
9.Fan Zhiyi’S tFansfer to Dundee Foot—ball Club at the eRd Of laSt year al-oused(激起)_____ChiDese people’S interest.[2002浙江杭州]
A.thoussrld of
B.thoussnd
C.thousar3ds of
D.thousands
10.The Games of
Olympics in 2008will be held in the city of Beijing.[2002浙江溫州]
A.29
B.the 29 C.29th D.the 29th
11.This picture is quite old.We can stillsee it was drawn in____Century.[2002廣東]
A.Sixteerl
B.the Sixteen
C.Sixteerlth
O.the Sixteerlth
12.I think that the
centMry(世紀(jì))willbring us more hopes.[2002陜西]
A.twedty—one
B.twentieth—rirst
C.twenty—first
D.twentieth—one
13.The DUrabeF 2746 iS read as_____.[2002貴州]
A .two thoussrldS and one hundred andforty and six
B.two thousand and a hundred and forty—six
C.two thousand,one hundred and forty—six
D.two thousands,one hundred,forty—six
14.Most of the Stars are____lightyearS away from the earth.[2002甘肅]
A.thoussiqd
B.thoussnds
C.thousand of
D.thousandS Of
15.We all think that the____full ofpovety.[2003廣東]
A.twenty
B.twentieth
C.twenties
D.twentith
16.I Live on______floor of the hotel sol have to take a life.[2003湘潭]
A.twenty—seventh
B.twenty—seven
C.the twenty—seven
D.the twenty—seventh
17.Both of the two rulers are broken Iwant to buy a___one.[2003天津]
A.thFee
B.third
C.fourth D./
18.——How many workeFs al-e theFe inyour factory?
——There are two____.[2003福州]
A.hundreds
B.hundred
C.hundred of
D.hundreds of
19.——Which is the smallest number of thefour?[2003河南]
A.A half
B.A quarter
C.Two—thirds
D.Three—fourths
20.It is said that SARS has killed morehan____people.[2003杭州]
A.three hundreds
B.three hundreds’
C.three hundred’s D.three hundred
21.The Water behind the Three GorgesDam(三峽大壩)Should be____higher thandownstream(下游).[2003蘇州]
A.sixty-five meter
B.sixty-fifth meter
C.sixty-five meters
O.sixty-fifth meters
22.There are over nine_____workers inthe factory but___of young people hopeto work in it.[2003無(wú)錫]
A.hundred:hundred
B.hundreds:hundreds
C.hundred:hundreds
D.hundreds:hundred
答案:
1—5 DDBAD
6—10 BACCD
11—15 DCCDB 16—20 DBBBD
21—22 CC