Progress in the Application of Commonly Used Clinical Scales for Functional Constipation with Anxiety and Depression/CHEN Xingrui, ZHANG Dan.//Medical Innovation of China,2025,22(18): 168-173
[Abstract]Functional constipation (FC) is a type of constipation excluding those caused by organic lesions. Clinicall,the mainsymptoms are difficult defecation,dryand harddefecation,and reduced frequency.FCoften leads to emotional disorders in clinical practice,manifested asanxietyand depresson.Clinically,thediagnosis of FC accompanied by anxiety and depression and the judgment of clinical eficacy mostlyrelyon various related scales,butthere isalackofspecific criteria for the selection ofscales.Inthe useofscales,there are problems such as insuficient understanding of the structure and contentof the scales,applicable populations,etc.,and inconsistent standards for theuse of scales.Inorder to integrate the focuses of various scales,select the best scale based on specific circumstances,and comprehensively evaluate the status of patients with FC accompanied by anxiety and depression,this article sorts out the evaluation scales ofFC and anxietyand depression,with the expectation of providing referencesand inspirations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment ofFC accompanied byanxiety and depression.
[Key words] Functional constipation Anxiety and depression Evaluating indicator Application progress
First-author'saddress:Departmentof Anorectal Medicine,Afiliated HospitalofNanjing University ofTraditional ChineseMedicine,Nanjing21oo29,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2025.18.038
功能性便秘(functionalconstipation,FC)是一種胃腸道疾病,其主要原因在于胃腸道蠕動的減弱及腸道運動的不協調。且胃腸道結構沒有發現異常變化,以及不符合便秘型腸易激綜合征的診斷標準。FC的主要臨床表現為排便困難、排便干硬、排便次數減少或有不盡感。隨著社會的進步,人們的飲食結構、精神心理及社會因素發生改變,慢性便秘的發病率逐漸增加。臨床數據觀察顯示,FC往往伴有焦慮抑郁狀態。根據我國學者張銀鳳等[2開展的一項來源于門診患者的問卷調查顯示,便秘患者的抑郁、焦慮等情緒異常情況明顯高于正常人。這提示精神心理因素與FC發病具有一定聯系。目前認為,FC的發病機制主要與腦-腸軸的異常密切相關。腦-腸軸是胃腸道神經系統與中樞神經系統的橋梁,是一個雙向的神經-內分泌網絡系統,焦慮抑郁等心理精神因素可以通過腦-腸軸影響胄腸道功能,胃腸道神經也可以通過腦-腸軸產生各種刺激反應,從而影響人的心理狀態。
量表在臨床應用中具有快捷、簡便、經濟、無創等優點,目前關于FC伴焦慮抑郁狀態的臨床研究中,就便秘相關癥狀及抑郁焦慮相關癥狀的評估使用量表具有一定的差異,目前尚未有一種對FC伴焦慮抑郁狀態評價的公認標準或體系,本文就目前國內外臨床上常用的評估FC及焦慮抑郁狀態的量表進行總結和分析,以期為以后的臨床及試驗提供參考。
1便秘癥狀相關的評估量表
1.1Bristol糞便性狀分型量表(Bristolstoolformscale,BSFS)
BSFS由Lewis等l3開發,被用于包括但不限于慢性便秘的各種胃腸道相關的研究和臨床實踐中。……