[中圖分類號]R781.4[文獻標志碼]B[doi]10.7518/gjkq.2025039
Vascularized interpositionalperiopel connective tissue flapcombined with crown restoration for reconstruction of esthetic gingival papillae:acasereport
ZhouJieyu,ZhaoLei,WuYafei,LiYong2,ZhaoHuan
1.StateKeyLaboratoryofOralDiseasesamp;National CenterforStomatologyamp;National ClinicalResearchCenter for OralDiseasesamp;Dept.ofPeriodontics,WestChinaHospitalofStomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu60041,China;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOralDiseasesamp;NationalCenterforStomatologyamp;NationalClinicalResearchCenter forOralDiseasesamp;DeptofProsthodonticsIWestChinaHospitalofStomatologySichuanUniversityChengdu 610041,China
Supported by:National NaturalScienceFoundationofChina (82301089,82170970);Research andDevelopProgram, WestChinaHospitalofStomatology,SichuanUniversity(RD-02-202407)
Correspondence:Zhao Huan,Email:cdzhaohuan@qq.com
[Abstract]The“black triangle”formed by gingivalrecesionand toth displacement inthe aestheticareaofaterior tethduetoperiodontitis,localanatomicalfactors,mechanicalinjuryorabnormalocclusalforceisadiicultyinoral clinicaltreatment.Thevascularized interpositional periopelconnective tissue (VIP-CT)flapisaconnective tissue flap fromthe palate thathassuffcient blood supply.Itcanpromote bonegraft osteogenesisand improve soft tisse defects in thelabialandadjacent spaces.Inthis paper,wereportacaseof gingivalrecesionintheaestheticarea withtoothdisplacementandabsenceof gingival papillae.The soft and hardtissue status was significantly improvedafterVIP-CTrotary flap
transplantation and bone graft augmentation. This approach was combined with crown repair to restore the adjacentcontact.The gingival papillaeintheaesthetic areawere effectivelyreconstructed,obtaining ideal aesthetic results.
[Key words] gingival recession; papillary deficiency;
black triangle; vascularized palatine periosteal connective tissue flap; prosthodontic treatment
近年來,隨著自我美觀需求意識的提高,臨床醫生和患者對牙齒的審美需求迅速增加。現代牙科美學目標是在口腔的重要區域實現“粉白”美學。“白色美學”是自然牙列或用合適的材料修復牙齒硬組織,“粉色美學”是指牙齒周圍的軟組織,包括可影響美學效果的鄰間齦乳頭和牙齦。當齦乳頭部分或完全缺失時,不僅會導致“黑三角”的出現、引發美學相關問題,還會導致食物嵌塞,嚴重者甚至會影響發音[2]。造成齦乳頭缺失的主要原因有菌斑微生物引起的炎癥反應、機械損傷、騎創傷、不良修復體、牙齒排列或形態異常、鄰牙缺失或間隙增寬等。齦乳頭的存在與牙周生物型、牙齒形態[3]、鄰間隙垂直向支撐4、鄰間隙水平向牙根距離、牙齦角度等因素相關。
目前重建齦乳頭的方法包括膜齦手術治療、正畸治療、修復治療、注射透明質酸,或者多學科聯合治療等。針對伴軟硬組織缺損的“黑三角”病例,膜齦手術是齦乳頭重建的重要技術手段之一,其中帶蒂結締組織瓣技術可提供充足軟組織移植物和血供,有效增厚牙齦表型、改善軟組織缺損。Sclar于2003年提出來自上腭的血管化腭骨膜間結締組織(vascularizedinterpositional periopelconnectivetissue,VIP-CT)瓣可使臨床醫生在術中一次性對美學區域進行大量的軟組織增量,可修復因拔牙、外傷、牙周病或發育性牙槽嵴缺損導致的上頜前部區域形態學改變,同時保持完整的血流供應,在受體部位實現令人滿意的美學結合[8]。但單純VIP-CT瓣無法提升鄰間骨水平,當伴骨下袋缺損時,骨增量術可縮短牙槽嵴頂到接觸點的距離,為VIP-CT瓣提供垂直向支撐,必要時還需聯合正畸或修復治療改善鄰間隙形態,恢復鄰接觸點。……