[中圖分類號]R782.1 [文獻標志碼] A [doi] 10.7518/gjkq.2025034
Research progress on external root resorption after replantation of permanent teeth with traumatic avulsion ChenMengyu,LiXiangwei
Dept.oftomtologytheFfthAffiliatedHospital,unYat-senUversityZui9in
Supportedby:NaturalScienceFoundation ofGuangdongProvince (2022A1515012285)
Correspondence:Li Xiangwei,Email: lixiangwei@126.com
[Abstract]Tooth avulsion is the mostsevere typeof dental trauma,and tooth replantation is currentlythe preferred treatmentmethodfordislocatedteth.Inmostcases,patientsandtheirfamiliesfail toproperlypreservedislocatedteeth. At the time of treatment, the affected tooth has been dry and detached for more than
,and the prognosis is usually poor.Thispaperprovidesareviewoftheresearchprogressontheclasification,characteristics,pathogenesis,and pretreatment methods for tooth root resorption after complete replantation of a dislocated tooth to provide areference and guidance for exploring suitable treatment plans for delayed tooth replantation once better tooth replantation methods have been identified.
[Key Words] tooth avulsion;tooth replantation;root resorption;root surface treatment;pathogenesis
牙外傷多見于兒童和青少年,據統計,約2 5 % 的學齡兒童發生過牙外傷, 3 3 % 的成人恒牙受過外傷。牙全脫出是由嚴重的牙外傷導致牙齒完全從牙槽窩內脫出的情況2,恒牙因外傷所致的牙全脫出占牙外傷的
。目前,脫出患牙的理想處理方式為牙再植,即對牙槽窩和脫位牙的根面進行適當處理后,將脫出的牙植回牙槽窩內,并采用適當方式進行固定的治療方法。
牙再植的預后與牙離體的時間和保存方法關系密切。脫出牙立即再植或者離體干燥時間短于3 0 m i n 內進行再植,此時絕大多數牙周膜細胞尚具有活力[45],再植預后較好。牙脫位離體后被保存在生理性介質中(如:牛奶、Hank's平衡鹽溶液等),且脫出后離體干燥時間短于
,這種情況下,牙周膜細胞是否存在活力雖然存在爭議,但牙再植后仍有可能獲得牙周膜愈合。干燥時間超過
,用掃描電鏡觀察可見牙根表面的牙周膜由于脫水、干燥,覆蓋在根面牙骨質上,形成了一個類似于“戈壁沙漠”樣的牙根表面,幾乎所有的牙周膜細胞都發生壞死,活力完全喪失,此時單純的牙再植已無法獲得牙周膜再生,極易發生牙根吸收,預后極差。因此,根據脫位牙離體干燥時間的不同,將牙再植分為即刻再植(immediatereplantation,IR)和延期再植(de-layedreplantation,DR)。脫位牙離體干燥時間短于
的IR,有望獲得最理想的愈合方式,表現為牙周膜愈合即牙周再生;組織切片可以觀察到牙和牙槽骨之間形成正常的牙周膜,且牙周膜纖維排列正常,X線片可見牙根周圍有牙周膜影像。……