英美醫(yī)學(xué)教育中戲劇元素的人文透視

〔摘要〕戲劇作為一種歷史悠久的藝術(shù)形式，可以凈化心靈，加深人對(duì)世界的感知。在醫(yī)學(xué)人文教育中使用戲劇手段，已顯示出其獨(dú)特而顯著的教學(xué)效果。探討并分析英國(guó)和美國(guó)有關(guān)醫(yī)學(xué)院課程設(shè)置中的戲劇模塊設(shè)置以及跨學(xué)科模塊構(gòu)建，揭示其在提高自我效能感、增強(qiáng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作意識(shí)、提升醫(yī)患溝通能力、促進(jìn)心理健康四個(gè)方面的探索成效。結(jié)合中國(guó)當(dāng)前情景模擬教學(xué)中存在的實(shí)際需求，從強(qiáng)調(diào)全面的人文素養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)、開展以戲劇為中心的跨學(xué)科項(xiàng)目、完善戲劇課程評(píng)估體系、促進(jìn)戲劇元素中國(guó)化四個(gè)方面提出了將戲劇元素融入中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)人文教育的建議，旨在推動(dòng)戲劇藝術(shù)與醫(yī)學(xué)教育融合，助力培養(yǎng)具備人文素養(yǎng)的醫(yī)學(xué)人才。

〔關(guān)鍵詞〕戲劇元素；醫(yī)學(xué)教育；人文素養(yǎng)；醫(yī)學(xué)人文

〔中圖分類號(hào)〕R-052 〔文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼〕A 〔文章編號(hào)〕1001-8565（2025）03-0385-07

DOI： 10. 12026/j. issn. 1001-8565. 2025. 03. 17

【基金項(xiàng)目】 軍隊(duì)院校外語教學(xué)改革研究立項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目“多模態(tài)視角下軍醫(yī)學(xué)員英語多元能力培養(yǎng)研究’（WY202321A）；海軍軍醫(yī)大學(xué)2022年度教學(xué)成果立項(xiàng)培育項(xiàng)目面上項(xiàng)目“軍隊(duì)醫(yī)科院校學(xué)員跨文化交際能力培養(yǎng)體系建構(gòu)與實(shí)施”（JPY2022B29）；軍隊(duì)院校外語教學(xué)改革研究立項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目一般項(xiàng)目“‘準(zhǔn)思政課程’視閾下通過‘思’‘辯’發(fā)揮研究生英語為戰(zhàn)育人功能實(shí)踐研究（WY202365B）

A humanistic perspective on drama elements in British and American medical education

LI Yan， ZHAO Linlin

（International Exchange Center for Military Medicine， Naval Medical University， Shanghai 200433， China）

Abstract： As a long-standing art form， drama can purify the soul and deepen people’s perception of the world. The use of drama in medical humanities education has demonstrated its unique and significant teaching effects. This paper explored and analyzed the drama module settings and interdisciplinary module constructions in the curriculum of renowned medical schools in Britain and America， revealing the effectiveness of their explorations in four aspects， including improving self-efficacy， enhancing teamwork awareness， improving doctor-patient communication skills， and promoting mental health. Based on the actual needs of current scenario-simulation teaching in China， suggestions were proposed to integrate drama elements into medical humanities in China from four aspects， encompassing emphasizing the cultivation of comprehensive humanistic literacy， carrying out interdisciplinary projects centered on drama， improving the drama curriculum evaluation system， and promoting the Sinicization of drama elements. The aim is to promote the integration of drama art and medical education， with a view to cultivating medical talents with comprehensive humanistic literacy.

Keywords： drama element； medical education； humanistic literacy； medical humanities

亞里士多德在《詩學(xué)》中提出悲劇“借引起憐憫與恐懼來使這種情感得到疏泄”，揭示了戲劇是通過情感的凈化達(dá)到心靈療愈的過程。達(dá)·芬奇認(rèn)為，戲劇不僅僅是藝術(shù)展現(xiàn)，也是科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的探究，應(yīng)當(dāng)追求藝術(shù)的科學(xué)性與科學(xué)的藝術(shù)性，以實(shí)現(xiàn)全面的心智發(fā)展[1]。……