







【摘要】為了保障網絡實時性傳輸需求,提升調度成功率,提出了具有實時感知的AVB流路由與調度算法,模擬車載時間敏感網絡(TSN)場景下,音視頻橋(AVB)流傳輸情況,并分析算法對網絡調度成功率的影響。試驗結果表明:隨著數據流數量增加,相較于非實時感知算法與部分實時感知算法,具有實時感知的AVB流路由與調度算法使網絡調度成功率分別提升26%和11%,該算法可優化TSN網絡對AVB流的帶寬預留,實現對數據流路由和報文信息的實時感知。
主題詞:時間敏感網絡 網絡演算 基于信用值整形器 路由與調度
中圖分類號:U463.6" "文獻標志碼:A" "DOI: 10.19620/j.cnki.1000-3703.20240510
AVB Routing and Scheduling Algorithm with Real-Time Perception
in TSN
Yan Yunfei, Zhu Yuan, Li Binqi, Zhong Xu
(Tongji University, Shanghai 201804)
【Abstract】In order to ensure the real-time transmission requirements of the network and improve the success rate of scheduling, an Audio Video Bridging (AVB) stream routing and scheduling algorithm with real-time perception is proposed to simulate the AVB stream transmission in the scenario of vehicle-mounted Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), and the influence of the proposed algorithm on the success rate of network scheduling is analyzed. The experimental results show that with the increase of the number of data flows, compared with the non-real-time perception algorithm and some real-time perception algorithms, the AVB flow routing and scheduling algorithm with real-time perception increases the success rate of network scheduling by 26% and 11% respectively, and the algorithm can optimize the bandwidth reservation of AVB flow in the TSN network and realize the real-time perception of data flow routing and packet information.
Key words: Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), Network calculus, Credit based shaper, Routing and scheduling
【引用格式】 燕云飛, 朱元, 栗彬琦, 等. TSN中具有實時感知的AVB路由與調度算法[J]. 汽車技術, 2024(10): 43-48.
YAN Y F, ZHU Y, LI B Q, et al. AVB Routing and Scheduling Algorithm with Real-Time Perception in TSN[J]. Automobile Technology, 2024(10): 43-48.
1 前言
隨著汽車智能化、網聯化的發展,車載通信的傳輸需求日益提高,帶寬高、組網方便、成本低廉的車載以太網作為新一代車載網絡總線技術受到廣泛關注[1]。傳統以太網缺乏實時性和可靠性的保障[2],而EtherCat、PROFINET等實時以太網協議并不互通,同一組網中無法保證網絡實時性[3]。為此,IEEE 802.1工作組拓展了原本用于音視頻流量的音視頻橋(Audio Video Bridging,AVB),將其重新命名為時間敏感網絡(Time-Sensitive Networking,TSN)[4]。該協議族可適應不同應用場景下TSN的流量傳輸需求,在自動駕駛[5-7]、車載多媒體[8-10]等領域逐步推廣應用。
TSN根據通信需求將網絡流量劃分為8個優先級,通過虛擬局域網(Virtual Local Area Network,VLAN)報文頭的用戶優先級字段進行標識區分,優先級由高到低分別為時間觸發(Time Triggered,TT)流、AVB流和盡力而為(Best Effort,BE)流。孫國瑋等[11-13]等通過啟發式算法對路由與調度方法實現了多徑路由優化,但規避了復雜門控排布問題。……