








摘" 要:為定量評估城市道路的交通韌性,應用網絡層次分析法(ANP),建立城市道路適災彈性評價指標體系,包含自然、經濟、社會3個維度。基于韌性三角形理論,提出包含車輛系統和路網系統的韌性評估模型,以設計速度恢復率R和路網連通度指數C進行表征,權重系數分別為0.6、0.4。以蘇州某條城市道路為例進行計算評估,結果表明,暴雨災害下該城市道路處于高韌性水平,具有較強的恢復力和適應力。韌性評估方法適用于多種災害場景,可為同類型城市道路的交通韌性建設提供參考。
關鍵詞:城市道路;交通韌性;暴雨災害;評價方法;適災彈性
中圖分類號:[TU997]" " " 文獻標志碼:A" " " " " 文章編號:2095-2945(2024)26-0156-04
Abstract: In order to quantitatively evaluate the traffic resilience of urban roads, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) was applied to establish an evaluation index system for the resilience of urban roads to disasters, which includes three dimensions: natural, economic, and social. Based on the theory of resilience triangles, a resilience evaluation model including vehicle systems and road network systems is proposed, characterized by the design speed recovery rate R and road network connectivity index C, with weight coefficients of 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. Taking an urban road in Suzhou as an example, the calculation and evaluation results show that the urban road is at a high toughness level under the rainstorm disaster, with strong resilience and adaptability. The resilience assessment method is applicable to various disaster scenarios and can provide reference for the construction of traffic resilience on urban roads of the same type.
Keywords: urban road; traffic resilience; rainstorm disaster; evaluation method; disaster resilience
城市道路是經濟社會發展的基礎性、先導性、戰略性產業,可靠的交通基礎設施是城市發展的重要支撐[1]。近年來,隨著全球氣候變化,地震、臺風和暴雨等極端災害頻發,給道路交通的正常運行造成較大沖擊。2021年7月,鄭州發生“7·20”特大暴雨災害,呈現“暴雨過程長范圍廣總量大,短歷時降雨極強”的特點,因災死亡失蹤398人,直接經濟損失1 200.6億元。頻發的災害使人們逐漸意識到擾動事件不可避免,城市道路可靠性與脆弱性指標均存在一定缺陷。2019年,中共中央、國務院印發實施《交通強國建設綱要》,要求完善基礎設施布局、增強系統彈性。在此背景下,韌性(resilience)作為一個新興的研究范疇,被越來越多地應用于城市交通評價研究中[2]。
綜觀國內外已有研究成果,交通韌性研究尚處于起步階段,已有研究對交通系統韌性評價不全面,特別針對城市道路交通韌性缺乏系統科學的評估。……