皖北地區草地貪夜蛾發生規律及防治方法

摘要 草地貪夜蛾是玉米作物上近年來流行的害蟲之一，對玉米產量安全影響較大。本研究采用高空測報燈、自動蟲情測報燈和性誘劑監測連續3年調查了皖北地區草地貪夜蛾的發生情況。結果表明，草地貪夜蛾在該地區不能安全越冬，其初期危害蟲源主要來自遷飛地。該地區草地貪夜蛾發生面積呈逐年下降趨勢，且首次發現時間越來越晚。草地貪夜蛾在該地區一年可發生不完全4代，該害蟲2代后世代重疊現象明顯，為害嚴重。通過物理防治、生物防治、化學防治和農業防治等多種防治手段聯合可以更加高效地防治草地貪夜蛾，使其發生危害較小。通過密切監測成蟲遷入時間、遷入數量對實時防控草地貪夜蛾具有積極意義。

關鍵詞 草地貪夜蛾；種群監測；發生規律；發生動態；綜合防治

中圖分類號 S433.4" " 文獻標識碼 A" "文章編號 1007-7731（2024）14-0091-05

DOI號 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2024.14.020

Occurrence regularity and control methods of Spodoptera frugiperda in

northern Anhui Province

WANG Zhaowei1" " LI Jinbu2" " WANG Yueying1" " MA Shufang3" " ZHU Dehui3" " YIN Maozhu1" " YU Tian3

ZHANG Qingsong4" " LIU Xingzhou1

（1Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Suzhou 234000， China;

2Suzhou Vocational Technical College， Suzhou 234000， China;

3Suzhou Plant Protection Station， Suzhou 234000， China;

4Nanjing Agricultural University， Nanjing 210095， China）

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the pest insects that have become prevalent in corn crops in recent years， posing a significant threat to the safety of corn yield. This study used skyradiosonde， automatic insect monitoring lamps， and sex pheromone traps to monitor the occurrence of Spodoptera frugiperda in the northern Anhui Province for three consecutive years. The results showed that Spodoptera frugiperda couldnot overwinter safely in this region， and the initial pest source mainly comes from migratory sources. The occurrence area of Spodoptera frugiperda in this region showed a decreasing trend year by year， and the first detection time was getting later and later. Spodoptera frugiperda could had an incomplete 4 generations per year in this region， and the phenomenon of overlapping generations was obvious after the second generation， causing severe damage. The combined use of physical， biological， chemical， and agricultural control methods can more effectively control Spodoptera frugiperda and minimize its harmful effects. Closely monitoring the immigration time and quantity of adults has positive significance for the real-time prevention and control of Spodoptera frugiperda.

Keywords Spodoptera frugiperda; population monitoring; occurrence patterns; occurrence dynamics; integrated control

草地貪夜蛾（Spodoptera frugiperda），又稱秋黏蟲，具有較強的飛行能力和適應能力，是一種遷飛性害蟲，主要危害玉米、谷子、小麥和高粱等作物。目前已在多個國家發生為害，并且防控工作較棘手[1]。草地貪夜蛾在多個省份被發現[2]。已有研究中草地貪夜蛾常被分為“玉米型”和“水稻型”兩種類型，前者喜食玉米，后者喜食水稻和小麥[3]，遷飛至中國的草地貪夜蛾經分子鑒定均為“玉米型”[4]。草地貪夜蛾從南部遷飛至黃淮海夏玉米生產區，已引發部分地區玉米蟲災。草地貪夜蛾主要通過遷飛方式活動，隨著氣溫升高，其遷徙范圍逐漸向北擴展[5]。……