鵝痛風發病原因及防治措施研究

摘要 鵝痛風是近年來危害鵝產業較為嚴重的疾病之一，一年四季均可能發生，冬季多發，給該產業的健康發展造成一定的影響。本文從鵝星狀病毒感染、飼養及營養管理和腸道菌群紊亂等角度綜述了鵝痛風相關的發病原因，探討了鵝痛風的臨床診斷及分子生物學診斷方法，并從藥物防治、生物安全防治和綜合防治3個方面分析了鵝痛風的防治措施等。目的在于為養殖戶防治鵝痛風、促進鵝產業健康綠色發展提供參考。

關鍵詞 鵝痛風；鵝產業；雛鵝；星狀病毒；病因；診斷方法

中圖分類號 S829.9；S858.3" " 文獻標識碼 A" "文章編號 1007-7731（2024）14-0044-05

DOI號 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2024.14.010

Research progress on the cause and control of goose gout

ZHAI Guifa1" " CUI Liying1" " DUAN Chenfeng1" " XIE Rui1" " CHEN Zhenghui1" " RUAN Chongmei1， 2

（1College of Animal Science， Anhui Science and Technology University， Fengyang 233100， China;

2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health， Fengyang 233100， China）

Abstract Goose gout is one of the serious diseases that have harmed the goose industry in recent years. It may occur throughout the year， but more common in winter， which has a certain impact on the healthy development of the goose industry. The causes of gout in geese were reviewed from the astrovirus of infection， feeding and nutritional management， and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. The clinical diagnosis and molecular biology diagnostic methods of gout in geese were explored， and the prevention， and treatment measures of gout in geese were analyzed from three aspects：drug control， biosafety control， and comprehensive control. The purpose was to provide references for preventing and treating gout in geese for farmers and promoting healthy and green development of the goose industry.

Keywords goose gout; goose industry; gosling; astrovirus; pathogeny; diagnostic method

鵝痛風是危害鵝產業較為嚴重的疾病之一，多發生于2周齡以內的雛鵝群體中，系各種原因導致的以內臟、關節廣泛尿酸鹽沉積為特征的一類代謝性疾病。Smyth等[1]研究指出，內臟型痛風多見于雛鵝，呈群體急性發作特征；關節型痛風主要見于仔鵝，呈慢性發作特征。Palya等[2]研究認為，該病發病率和致死率均較高，10～15日齡為死亡高峰。鵝痛風一年四季均可發生，冬季多發，鵝痛風發病原因較多，臨床表現形式多樣，現階段，針對鵝痛風的診斷方式主要是以病理剖檢結合臨床癥狀分析，輔以實驗室檢查進行確診。Lacroux等[3]研究發現，疑似鵝痛風臨床病例腎臟出血嚴重，個別雛鵝十二指腸及回腸有“腸栓”現象，實驗室分離發現存在鵝星狀病毒感染。

本文就鵝痛風的病因、診斷方法和防控措施進行綜述，為養殖戶提供防治鵝痛風的具體策略、促進鵝產業健康發展提供參考。……