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關鍵詞 嫁接機;嫁接效率;瓜菜;種苗
中圖分類號 S 22 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2024)23-0197-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.23.043
Design of Automatic Grafting Machine for Vegetables
TIAN Hong-mei1, CAI Kui2, TAO Zhen1 et al
( 1.Institute of Vegetable Crops, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031;2.Hefei Jiafute Robot Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui 230088)
Abstract Aiming at the problems of lower efficiency of manual grafting, great demands of professional grafting workers and unstable grafting quality, an automatic vegetable grafting machine was designed to automate the grafting process such as cutting, pasting, wrapping, and cutting rootstocks and scion seedlings, which greatly reduced the labor intensity of grafting work . This grafting machine used a horizontal drum multi station grafting method for grafting, and adopted a four-station and four-module structural foundation to simplify, distribute, and parallelize the grafting process, which achieved automatic grafting accurately, stably, and efficiently. The positioning accuracy of the grafting machine was ± 0.2 mm, which achieved high-precision grafting of seedlings. The grafting rate was 1 401.0 plants per hour. The grafting success rate was 98.8%, and the strong seedling rate was 98.0%, which achieved the goal of fast and high-quality grafting seedling cultivation.
Key words Grafting machine;Grafting efficiency;Vegetables;Seedlings
基金項目 安徽省揭榜掛帥項目(2022296906020002);安徽省農業科學院科技成果轉化項目(2024YL035)。
作者簡介 田紅梅(1980—),女,山東無棣人,副研究員,博士,從事蔬菜新品種選育、種苗繁育及綠色栽培技術研究。
*通信作者:王朋成,研究員,從事蔬菜育種、育苗及綠色栽培技術研究;林茂先,研究員,從事機器視覺、人工智能等方面研究。
收稿日期 2024-03-25
當前蔬菜嫁接技術已成為解決連作問題的重要措施,在世界范圍內得到了廣泛應用[1]。目前,我國嫁接育苗主要依靠人工嫁接作業,存在嫁接效率低、缺乏專業嫁接工人、嫁接苗姿態一致性不高、嫁接質量不穩定等問題,不利于嫁接種植高效優質發展。嫁接機器人在解決用工短缺、提高種苗生產質量和效率、保障嫁接生產的時效性等方面具有重要作用,其市場需求潛力巨大,應用前景非常廣闊[2-3]。……