多指標(biāo)響應(yīng)面-滿意度函數(shù)優(yōu)化秦嶺龍膽提取工藝研究

摘要 ［目的］優(yōu)化秦嶺龍膽中龍膽苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷的共提取條件。［方法］在單因素試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上選取最佳因素水平，采用響應(yīng)面-滿意度函數(shù)優(yōu)選料液比、提取時(shí)間、超聲頻率對(duì)龍膽苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷提取率的影響。［結(jié)果］秦嶺龍膽中2個(gè)成分的共提最優(yōu)條件為提取時(shí)間26 min、料液比1∶21（g：mL）、超聲頻率58 kHz，在此條件下，龍膽苦苷、獐牙菜苦苷的提取率分別為0.312%、0.258%，分別與預(yù)測(cè)值（0.326%、0.270%）接近。［結(jié)論］響應(yīng)面-滿意度函數(shù)可用于秦嶺龍膽中龍膽苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷共提取工藝的優(yōu)化，該方法快速、簡(jiǎn)單、穩(wěn)定可行。

關(guān)鍵詞 秦嶺龍膽；龍膽苦苷；獐牙菜苦苷；響應(yīng)面法；滿意度函數(shù)；共提取條件

中圖分類號(hào) R 284.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2024）23-0162-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.23.035

Study on Optimization of Extraction Process from Gentiana apiata by Multi-index Response Surface-satisfaction Function

XU Hai-yan1，HOU Min-na1，CHEN Yan-bin2 et al

（1.Medical College，Shaanxi Institute of International Trade，Xianyang，Shaanxi 712046;2.Shaanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Co.，Ltd.，Xi’an，Shaanxi 710075）

Abstract ［Objective］ To optimize the co-extraction conditions of gentiopicroside and swertiamarin from Gentiana apiata.［Method］On the basis of single factor experiments，the optimal factor level was selected，and the response surface-satisfaction function was used to optimize the effects of solid-liquid ratio，extraction time and ultrasound frequency on the extraction rates of gentiopicroside and swertiamarin.［Result］The optimal conditions for co-extraction of two components from Gentiana apiata in Qinling Mountains were extraction time of 26 minutes，solid-liquid ratio of 1∶21 （g∶mL），and ultrasonic frequency of 58 kHz.Under these conditions，the extraction rates of gentiopicroside and swertiamarin were 0.312% and 0.258%，respectively，which were close to the predicted values of 0.326% and 0.270%，respectively.［Conclusion］The response surface satisfaction function can be used to optimize the co-extraction process of gentiopicroside and swertiamarin from Gentiana apiata in Qinling Mountains.This method is fast，simple，stable and feasible.

Key words Gentiana apiata;Gentiopicroside;Swertiamarin;Response surface methodology;Satisfaction function;Co-extraction condition

基金項(xiàng)目 陜西省教育廳青年創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)科研計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（21JP011）；陜西省科技廳項(xiàng)目（2021SF-365）；國(guó)家大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目（S202113123008）。

作者簡(jiǎn)介 許海燕（1977—），女，陜西咸陽(yáng)人，副教授，碩士，從事天然產(chǎn)物化學(xué)研究。*通信作者，主任藥師，碩士生導(dǎo)師，從事藥物分析研究。

收稿日期 2023-12-14；修回日期 2024-01-30

秦嶺龍膽（Gentiana apiata）別名茱苓草、太白龍膽，屬龍膽科龍膽屬植物，秦巴山區(qū)特有藥用資源，生長(zhǎng)于高山草甸中，夏、秋花期采收，民間以全草入藥，主要用于頭暈失眠、月經(jīng)不調(diào)、小便不利等病癥［1-2］。有研究表明秦嶺龍膽中含有萜類、酚酸類、揮發(fā)油類、皂苷類、糖類等成分［3-4］。其中龍膽苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷屬萜類中的環(huán)烯醚萜苷類化合物，為秦嶺龍膽中的主要化學(xué)成分，藥理試驗(yàn)表明，該類成分具有抗腫瘤、抗炎、降血糖、保肝、神經(jīng)保護(hù)等作用［5-6］。……