我國煙農職業化程度及其影響因素研究

摘要 對全國各產區1 085名參與煙葉生產的農民進行調研，采用K-means算法、主成分分析方法、偏最小二乘路徑模型和隨機森林分析方法，研究了全國煙農職業化程度，并分析了各因素對煙農職業化培育的影響和重要程度。結果表明：影響煙農職業化的因素可分為煙農職業化思想、種煙黏性、生產水平、技能水平及生產管理能力5個方面。這些因素均與煙農職業化程度呈顯著正相關，其中煙農職業化思想及技能水平對煙農職業化程度的影響較為密切。推動煙農思想觀念及技能的提升，尤其是加強煙農培育線上資源建設是提升煙農職業化程度的重要手段。

關鍵詞 職業煙農；培育；思想觀念；技能水平

中圖分類號 G725 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2024）19-0278-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.19.059

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Study on the Professionalization Degree of Tobacco Farmers in China and Its Influencing Factors

YAN Shen¹，WANG Lin-hong²，LI Xue-li¹ et al

（1.College of Staff Education，China Tobacco Corporation，Zhengzhou，Henan 450000;2.Shaanxi Provincial Tobacco Company，Xi’an，Shaanxi 710000）

Abstract A total of 1 085 tobacco farmers in different producing areas in China were investigated.K-means algorithm，principal component analysis method，small square path model and stochastic forest analysis method were used to study the professionalization degree of tobacco farmers in China， and the influences and importance of various factors on the professionalization cultivation of tobacco farmers were analyzed.The results showed that the factors affecting tobacco farmers’ professionalization could be divided into five aspects：tobacco farmers’ professionalization thought，tobacco viscosity，production level，skill level and production management ability. These factors were significantly positively correlated with tobacco farmers’ professionalization degree，among which tobacco farmers’ ideas and skill level had the closest influences on tobacco farmers’ professionalization degree.It was an important means to enhance the professionalization degree of tobacco farmers for promoting the improvement of tobacco farmers’ ideas and skills，especially increasing the construction of online resources for tobacco farmers’ cultivation.

Key words Professional tobacco farmers；Cultivation；Ideological concepts；Skill level

基金項目 中國煙草總公司陜西省公司科技項目（KJ-2021-11）。

作者簡介 閆伸（1989—），男，河南許昌人，助理研究員，博士，從事煙葉生產研究工作。*通信作者，高級農藝師，從事煙草生產方面的研究。

收稿日期 2023-10-27

煙葉是行業高質量發展的基礎。實施“大品牌、大市場、大企業”戰略，做優做強中式卷煙品牌，必須要有穩定可靠的國內原料供給作為保障。煙葉生產不僅關系著煙草行業的持續健康發展，而且是實現農民增收、政府增稅的重要途徑和解決“三農”問題、推動農村發展的重要保障。煙草行業的高質量發展離不開煙農主體的發展，煙葉生產現代化離不開知識型職業煙農隊伍的發展壯大。一支高素質的職業化煙農隊伍是煙葉發展和現代煙草農業建設的主力^［1］。……