邊疆牧區(qū)人居環(huán)境整治實(shí)踐困境與優(yōu)化策略

摘要 建設(shè)美麗宜居鄉(xiāng)村、改善農(nóng)牧民生活條件是我國(guó)推動(dòng)鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的重要內(nèi)容之一。其中，農(nóng)村牧區(qū)“廁所革命”對(duì)于改善農(nóng)牧區(qū)人居環(huán)境、推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略具有重要意義。然而，通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，“廁所革命”在邊疆牧區(qū)推進(jìn)和實(shí)施過程中面臨著推廣難、農(nóng)牧民主體作用發(fā)揮不充分、基礎(chǔ)條件不具備、模式選擇不科學(xué)、實(shí)用性差和使用率低等諸多現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。應(yīng)以“數(shù)量服從質(zhì)量、進(jìn)度服從實(shí)效、求好不求快”的要求，結(jié)合不同區(qū)域地理氣候條件、民族民俗特點(diǎn)和實(shí)用性等現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，遵循因地制宜、實(shí)事求是的原則，解決“廁所革命”在邊疆牧區(qū)的“水土不服”問題。

關(guān)鍵詞 人居環(huán)境；廁所革命；優(yōu)化路徑；民族地區(qū)

中圖分類號(hào) X321 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2024）19-0241-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.19.049

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Difficulties and Optimization Strategies in the Practice of Improving the Living Environment in Border Pastoral Areas—Taking the “Toilet Revolution” in Inner Mongolia Pastoral Region as an Example

Qiqige

（Institute of Pastoral Development，Inner Mongolia Academy of Social Sciences，Hohhot，Inner Mongolia 010010）

Abstract Building beautiful and livable rural areas and improving the living conditions of farmers and herdsmen is one of the important contents of China’s rural revitalization strategy. Among them，the “toilet revolution” in rural pastoral areas is of great significance for improving the living environment in these areas and promoting the strategy of rural revitalization. However，through investigation，it was found that the “toilet revolution” faced many practical problems in the promotion and implementation process in border pastoral areas，such as difficulty in promotion，insufficient play of the main role of farmers and herdsmen，lack of basic conditions， unscientific mode selection，poor practicality，and low utilization rate. We should adhere to the requirements of “quantity follows quality，progress follows effectiveness， and striving for excellence and speed”，combined with practical issues such as geographical and climatic conditions，ethnic customs， and practicality in different regions，and follow the principle of adapting to local conditions and seeking truth from facts to solve the problem of “toilet revolution” in pastoral areas.

Key words Human settlement environment；Toilet revolution；Optimized path；Ethnic areas

基金項(xiàng)目 內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)高等學(xué)校人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地——內(nèi)蒙古鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)研究中心2022年度科研項(xiàng)目（XC202212B-03）；內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)2023年度人才開發(fā)基金高層次人才個(gè)人項(xiàng)目“全方位建設(shè)‘模范自治區(qū)’導(dǎo)向下內(nèi)蒙古牧區(qū)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程現(xiàn)狀、問題與對(duì)策研究”。

作者簡(jiǎn)介 其其格（1975—），女，蒙古族，內(nèi)蒙古赤峰人，研究員，博士，從事區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)、牧區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究。

收稿日期 2024-01-11；修回日期 2024-02-19

黨的二十大報(bào)告指出，要推進(jìn)美麗中國(guó)建設(shè)，打造宜居宜業(yè)和美鄉(xiāng)村 ^［1］。農(nóng)村牧區(qū)人居環(huán)境整治是我國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)振興，推動(dòng)美麗宜居鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容，也是全面實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的重要目標(biāo)任務(wù)之一。“廁所革命”作為人居環(huán)境整治的重要內(nèi)容，是推動(dòng)農(nóng)牧區(qū)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，補(bǔ)齊農(nóng)村牧區(qū)居民生活品質(zhì)短板的關(guān)鍵舉措。……