河南省表層土壤全碳與有機碳地球化學背景值研究

摘要 基于2003—2020年河南省陸續完成的1∶25萬多目標區域地球化學調查項目的成果數據，系統研究了河南省表層土壤全碳與有機碳地球化學背景值特征。結果表明，河南省表層土壤全碳和有機碳地球化學背景值在不同行政區、不同流域、不同成土母質發育的土壤中差異明顯。表層土壤全碳背景值行政區空間分布總體表現為西部山前高、東部平原低，北部堿性土壤區高、南部酸性土壤區低；流域分布以海河流域—黃河流域—淮河流域—長江流域依次降低；成土母質按殘積與殘坡積物—河流沖積物—洪積物—風積物—黃土與紅土—河湖相沉積物發育的土壤全碳背景值逐漸降低。表層土壤有機碳背景值行政區總體表現為山前偏高、平原偏低，不同流域的表層土壤有機碳背景值差異大；成土母質以殘積與殘坡積物—洪積物—河湖相沉積物—黃土與紅土—河流沖積物—風積物發育的土壤有機碳背景值逐漸降低。

關鍵詞 土壤全碳；土壤有機碳；地球化學背景值；河南省

中圖分類號 X13 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2024）19-0045-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.19.010

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Study on Geochemical Background Values of Total Carbon and Organic Carbon in Surface Soil of Henan Province

GUO Qiang^1，2， CAI Chun-nan^1，2， GU Zhi-yun¹ et al

（1.Henan Geological Research Institute，Zhengzhou，Henan 450000;2. Henan Urban Geological Engineering Technology Research Center， Zhengzhou， Henan 450000）

Abstract Based on the results of the 1∶250 000 regional geochemical survey projects completed in Henan Province from 2003 to 2020， the geochemical background values of total carbon and organic carbon in surface soil in Henan Province were systematically studiRDdzLoVsUDiX01oMhGVaWs+LP17nRxABQHKZawsm22g=ed.The results showed that there were significant differences in the geochemical bacaoiJuWBzTRDHWWvNrH4smUe1EmoPHQGtA6bYtpc1rDE=kground values of total carbon and organic carbon in the surface soil of Henan Province in different administrative regions， watersheds and soils with different parent materials.The overall spatial distribution of the total carbon background value of surface soil in administrative regions showed that it was higher in the western mountainous areas and lower in the eastern plains， higher in the northern alkaline soil areas and lower in the southern acidic soil areas;the distribution of river basins decreased in sequence from the Haihe River Basin to the Yellow River Basin， then to the Huaihe River Basin， and finally to the Yangtze River Basin;the total carbon background value of soil developed from residual and residual slope deposits， river alluvial deposits， alluvial deposits， aeolian deposits， loess and red soil， and river lake sediments gradually decreases.The background values of surface soil organic carbon in administrative regions were generally higher in mountainous areas and lower in plains， and there were significant differences in the background values of surface soil organic carbon in different watersheds;the background value of soil organic carbon developed from residual and residual slope deposits， alluvial deposits， river lake sediments， loess and red soil， river alluvial deposits， and aeolian deposits gradually decreased.

Key words Soil total carbon;Soil organic carbon;Geochemical background values;Henan Province

基金項目 國土資源部中國地質調查局地質調查項目（〔2004〕012-11，〔2006〕GZTR001-09，〔2007〕GZTR01-04，〔2008〕GZTR01-07，〔2013〕02-001-019）；河南省地質研究院2024年地質科技攻關項目（2024-901-XM05）。

作者簡介 郭強（1983—），男，河南濟源人，工程師，從事區域化探、農業地質、生態環境調查與評價工作。

收稿日期 2024-01-08

土壤碳作為土壤中碳元素的總和，由有機碳和無機碳組成。土壤有機碳的形成過程涉及植物殘體、根系分泌物、微生物代謝產物及動物殘骸等生物有機物質的分解，這些物質在微生物作用下經歷一系列生物化學轉化形成穩定的有機碳形態。……