基于內(nèi)部資源稟賦的農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)困境與對策研究

摘要 農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)成為實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村全面振興、推動經(jīng)濟增長方式轉(zhuǎn)變的重要內(nèi)容。基于對湖北省17個市返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)群體進行調(diào)查的274份問卷數(shù)據(jù)，采用統(tǒng)計分析的方式處理數(shù)據(jù)，再利用二元Logistic模型進行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民工是返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的主體，而內(nèi)部資源稟賦中經(jīng)濟資本、人力資本和內(nèi)在動機對農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)困境呈顯著負(fù)向影響。據(jù)此，針對該省返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)農(nóng)民工存在的痛點和問題，提出了相應(yīng)對策和建議，助推湖北省地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，提高該省就業(yè)率，進而縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距。

關(guān)鍵詞 返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)；Logistic回歸；資源稟賦

中圖分類號 F323.6 文獻標(biāo)識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2024）18-0226-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.18.047

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識碼（OSID）：

Research on the Dilemma and Countermeasures of Migrant Workers Returning Home to Start Businesses Based on Internal Resource Endowment — Taking the Actual Investigation in Hubei Province as an Example

LI Ya-ni1，KONG Yi1，SONG Wan2 et al

（1. Economics and Management School of Yangtze University， Jingzhou， Hubei 434023;2.Hubei Huiyang New Material Co.， Ltd.， Yichang， Hubei 444100）

Abstract Migrant workers returning to their hometowns to start businesses has become an important part of realizing the overall revitalization of rural areas and promoting the transformation of economic growth mode.Based on 274 questionnaire data from 17 cities in Hubei Province，statistical analysis was used to process data，and binary logistic model was adopted to analyze，it was found that migrant workers are the main body of entrepreneurship， and economic capital， human capital and intrinsic motivation of the internal resources endowment

has a significant negative impact on migrant workers returning home to start businesses.Accordingly， in view of the pain points and problems of migrant workers returning to their hometown to start businesses， corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to boost the regional economic development of Hubei Province， improve the employment rate，and then narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.

Key words Returning home to start a business;Logistic return;Resource endowment

作者簡介 李亞妮（2000—），女，甘肅平?jīng)鋈耍T士研究生，研究方向：農(nóng)村區(qū)域發(fā)展。

*通信作者，教授，碩士生導(dǎo)師，從事農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟與管理研究。

收稿日期 2023-10-22；修回日期 2023-11-17

返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)是帶動農(nóng)村發(fā)展、激發(fā)鄉(xiāng)村新活力的重要途徑。《國家鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃（2018—2022年）》明確提出要為返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)造便利條件和給予適當(dāng)保障。2023年中央一號文件提到對符合條件的返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工允許其在家鄉(xiāng)或就業(yè)地安家落戶。近年來，在國家和地方政策的扶持下，返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)呈現(xiàn)出蓬勃發(fā)展的態(tài)勢，對鞏固脫貧攻堅成果、穩(wěn)定和擴大就業(yè)、促進鄉(xiāng)村振興發(fā)揮了重要作用。

自2017年以來，湖北省將“市民下鄉(xiāng)”“能人回鄉(xiāng)”和“企業(yè)興鄉(xiāng)”作為“三鄉(xiāng)工程”的重要內(nèi)容融入“鄉(xiāng)村振興”中，加快外出農(nóng)民工回流速度，為返鄉(xiāng)入鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)提供新的發(fā)展機遇。……