3個烏桕品種葉片花青素成分研究

摘要 以“連桕1號”“云臺紅桕”和“云臺金桕”為研究對象，利用超高效液相色譜-質譜聯用技術定性定量分析其葉片轉色前和轉色后花青素成分與含量。結果表明：3個烏桕品種中共檢測到14種花青素物質，分別為錦葵花素、天竺葵色素、飛燕草素、芍藥色素、矢車菊素半乳糖苷、異鼠李素、矢車菊素、矢車菊素雙葡萄糖苷、矮牽牛色素、槲皮素、蘆丁、原花色素B4、雙聚原矢車菊苷元和山奈酚，其中矢車菊素半乳糖苷、蘆丁為3個烏桕品種葉片轉色后共有的主體成分。矢車菊素半乳糖苷是“云臺紅桕”轉色后葉片呈現紅色的主要色素成分；蘆丁是“云臺金桕”葉片變黃的主要原因。花青素類型主要為蘆丁類、矢車菊素類和其他類。葉片轉色后矢車菊素類含量由高至低依次為“連桕1號”>“云臺紅桕”>“云臺金桕”，葉片轉色后蘆丁類含量由高至低依次為“云臺金桕”>“連桕1號”>“云臺紅桕”。

關鍵詞 烏桕；新品種；葉片；花青素；超高效液相色譜-質譜聯用技術

中圖分類號 R284.1 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2024）18-0171-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.18.037

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Study on Anthocyanins Components in the Leaves of Three Sapium sebiferum Varieties

ZHENG Xu， LIU Xing-man，ZHAO Wen-jing et al

（Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lianyungang， Jiangsu 222000）

Abstract Using “Lianjiu No.1”， “Yuntaihongjiu” and “Yuntaijinjiu” as research objects， the anthocyanin components and content of their leaves before and after color transformation were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology.The results showed that a total of 14 anthocyanins were detected in leaves from three varieties， including malvidin，pelargonidin，delphinidin，peonidin，cyanidin 3-galactoside，isorhamnetin，cyanidin，cyanidin 3，5-diglucoside，petunidin，quercetin，rutin，procyanidin B4，procyanidin B2 and kaempferol. Cyanidin 3-galactoside and rutin were the main anthocyanin components of three varieties. The cyanidin 3-galactoside was the main pigment component for the red colored leaves of “Yuntaihongjiu”; rutin was the main reason for the yellow colored leaves of “Yuntaijinjiu”. The main anthocyanins types in three varieties were rutins， cyanidins and others. After the color change of leaves， the content of cyanidins from high to low was in order of “Lianjiu No.1”>”Yuntaihongjiu”>”Yuntaijinjiu”. After the color change of leaves， the content of rutins from hight to low was in order of “Yuntaijinjiu” > “Lianjiu No.1” > “Yuntaihongjiu”.

Key words Sapium sebiferum;New variety;Leaves;Anthocyanins;Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

基金項目 中央財政林業科技推廣示范資金項目（蘇〔2021〕TG12）；江蘇省蘇北專項（SZ-LYG202142）；連云港市財政局專項資金項目（QNJJ2205）。

作者簡介 鄭旭（1994—），男，江蘇連云港人，助理研究員，碩士，從事觀賞樹種栽培技術研究。

*通信作者，高級農藝師，碩士，從事農業新品種、新技術推廣與應用。

收稿日期 2023-07-14

烏桕屬大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）多年生高大落葉喬木，在我國栽培和利用歷史已有1 000多年，以黃河流域為界，緯度較低地區為烏桕主產地［1-2］。……