大豆根瘤菌與菌根真菌的協作對盆栽大豆生長的影響

摘要 以大豆為原材料，通過盆栽試驗，設置單接菌根真菌、單接大豆根瘤菌和同時接種菌根真菌和大豆根瘤菌處理，以都不接為對照。研究不同接種對植株株高、莖粗、根長、結瘤數量等的影響。結果表明，土壤滅菌的發芽率高于未滅菌的發芽率。大豆根瘤菌的每盆中大豆苗的株數最多，所結根瘤數量最多，說明大豆根瘤菌能夠促進大豆苗的生長，菌根真菌與大豆根瘤菌混合處理植株莖粗最高，所結的根瘤單個重量為0.007 g，添加菌根真菌的處理，植株葉片的葉綠素含量及氮含量最低，大豆的發芽率最低，但單株所結根瘤數最多，說明菌根真菌與大豆根瘤菌混合施用可以促進根瘤的形成和發育。

關鍵詞 菌根真菌；大豆根瘤菌；盆栽

中圖分類號 S565.1 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2024）18-0133-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.18.028

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Effect of Collaboration Between Soybean Rhizobia and Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth of Soybean Potted Plants

YAN Chen-dong，WU Shu-feng， ZHANG Xin-peng et al

（Beijing Century Ames Biotechnology Co.， Ltd.， Beijing 100000）

Abstract Using soybeans as raw materials， pot experiments were conducted to set up treatments with single inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi， single inoculation of soybean rhizobia， and simultaneous inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi and soybean rhizobia， with no inoculation as the control. The effects of different vaccinations on plant height， stem thickness， root length， and nodule number were studied. The results showed that the germination rate of sterilized soil was higher than that of unsterilized soil. The number of soybean seedlings and the number of nodules formed by soybean rhizobia were the highest in each pot， indicating that soybean rhizobia could promote the growth of soybean seedlings. The mixed treatment of mycorrhizal fungi and soybean rhizobia had the highest stem thickness and a single nodule weight of 0.007 g. The treatment with added mycorrhizal fungi had the lowest chlorophyll and nitrogen content in plant leaves and the lowest germination rate of soybeans， but the number of nodules formed by a single plant was the highest， indicating that the mixed application of mycorrhizal fungi and soybean rhizobia could promote the formation and development of nodules.

Key words Mycorrhizal fungi;Soybean rhizobia;Pot

作者簡介 顏塵棟（1995—），男，黑龍江哈爾濱人，碩士，從事根瘤菌工業化生產研究。

收稿日期 2023-09-07

大豆是一年生草本植物，我國各地均有栽培，亦廣泛栽培于世界各地，是世界上最重要的豆類。大豆是我國重要糧食作物之一，大豆最常用來做各種豆制品、榨取豆油、釀造醬油和提取蛋白質［1］。菌根真菌和大豆根瘤菌既能單獨生存于宿主植物根部，也能共同協作形成二菌一宿主的三重共生體系［2］。研究發現，宿主植物對土壤中存在的菌根真菌可以自動識別，接納菌根真菌，為其提供生長所需營養；同時菌根真菌可以幫助宿主吸收土壤中的養分，特別是難以移動、難以溶于水的礦物質，如磷等，從而形成一種共生互助的形式［3］。……