蚯蚓肥對(duì)陜北毛烏素沙地土壤改良效應(yīng)研究

摘要 ［目的］研究蚯蚓肥對(duì)陜北毛烏素沙地土壤改良效應(yīng)，為解決陜北毛烏素沙地土壤性狀差的問(wèn)題提供方案。［方法］以中科羊草為指示作物，分別在沙地上施用不同含量的蚯蚓肥0 t/hm2（CK）、30 t/hm2（LE-1）、45 t/hm2（LE-2）和60 t/hm2（LE-3），測(cè)定含水率、孔隙度、容重等指標(biāo)，分析不同處理下毛烏素沙地物理性狀；測(cè)定土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量、速效鉀含量、有效磷含量、水解氮含量、pH等指標(biāo)，分析不同處理下毛烏素沙地化學(xué)性狀；測(cè)定作物的株高、葉面積、生物量等指標(biāo)，分析不同處理下中科羊草的農(nóng)藝性狀。［結(jié)果］與CK相比，LE-1、LE-2和LE-3處理土壤含水率增幅為1.01%～7.90%，孔隙度增幅4.75%～5.31%，容重降低2.13%～4.14%；相較于CK，土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量增幅118.33%～210.83%，速效鉀含量增幅17.04%～94.84%，有效磷含量提升10.81%～116.22%，水解氮提升242.01%～261.27%，pH降低 1.15%～1.39%；與CK相比，中科羊草株高增加15.95%～27.10%，葉面積提高15.00%～66.8%，生物量增加43.45%～94.87%。［結(jié)論］施用蚯蚓肥能夠有效改善陜北毛烏素沙地土壤的理化性質(zhì)，并顯著改善中科羊草的生物學(xué)性狀。通過(guò)主成分分析表明施用60 t/hm2蚯蚓肥綜合改良效果最佳，得分1.77。

關(guān)鍵詞 毛烏素沙地；蚯蚓肥；土壤性質(zhì)；中科羊草

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) S156 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A

文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2024）18-0120-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.18.026

開(kāi)放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Research on the Improvement Effect of Earthworm Fertilizer on the Soil of Mu Us Sandy Land

YANG Hang1，2，ZHAO Yu1，2，LI Qiang1，2 et al

（1.Yulin University/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shaanbei Mining Area，Yulin，Shaanxi 719000；2.Yulin Solid Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center，Yulin，Shaanxi 719000）

Abstract ［Objective］To study the effect of earthworm fertilizer on soil improvement in the Mu Us sandy land of northern Shaanxi，and provide a solution to the problem of poor soil properties in the Mu Us sandy land of northern Shaanxi.［Method］Using Leymus chinensis as an indicator crop，different concentrations of earthworm fertilizer 0 t/hm2 （CK），30 t/hm2 （LE-1），45 t/hm2 （LE-2），and 60 t/hm2 （LE-3） were applied on sandy land.Indicators such as moisture content，porosity，and bulk density were measured，and the physical properties of Maowusu sandy land under different treatments were analyzed;soil organic matter content，available potassium content，available phosphorus content，hydrolyzed nitrogen content，pH and other indicators were measured，and the chemical properties of Maowusu sandy land under different treatments were measured;the plant height，leaf area，biomass and other indicators of crops were measured，and the agronomic traits of Leymus chinensis under different treatments were analyzed.［Result］Compared with CK，the soil moisture content of LE-1，LE-2，and LE-3 treatments increased by 1.01%-7.90%，porosity increased by 4.75%-5.31%，and bulk density decreased by 2.13%-4.14%;compared to CK，the increase in soil organic matter content ranged from 118.33% to 210.83%，the increase in available potassium content ranged from 17.04% to 94.84%，the increase in available phosphorus content was 10.81% to 116.22%，the increase in hydrolyzed nitrogen was 242.01% to 261.27%，and the pH decreased by 1.15% to 1.39%;compared with CK，the plant height of Leymus chinensis increased by 15.95%-27.10%，leaf area increased by 15.00%-66.8%，and biomass increased by 43.45%-94.87%.［Conclusion］The application of earthworm fertilizer can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the Maowusu sandy land of northern Shaanxi，and significantly improve the biological characteristics of Leymus chinensis.The principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive improvement effect of applying 60 t/hm2 earthworm fertilizer was the best，with a score of 1.77.

Key words Mu Us sandy land;Earthworm fertilizer;Soil nature;Leymus chinensis

基金項(xiàng)目 陜西省教育廳服務(wù)地方專(zhuān)項(xiàng)（SXJYT-30）；陜西省科技廳產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈（2021QFY04-03）。

作者簡(jiǎn)介 楊航（1998—），男，陜西渭南人，碩士研究生，研究方向：固廢生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)利用。*通信作者，教授，博士，從事固廢協(xié)同礦山生態(tài)修復(fù)研究。

收稿日期 2023-10-10

榆林市地處毛烏素沙地東南緣，屬典型的農(nóng)牧交錯(cuò)帶，是半干旱沙土地的典型代表，也是國(guó)家林業(yè)和草原局劃定西北地區(qū)防止二次沙化的前沿陣地之一［1］。……