鹽脅迫下油莎豆不同浸種劑田間出苗效果綜合評價

摘要 研究不同浸種劑處理下油莎豆鹽堿地萌發及幼苗生長的差異，篩選適宜浸種劑，為鹽堿地油莎豆栽培種植提供實際理論依據。在田間鹽脅迫條件下，選用氯化鈣、水楊酸、S-誘抗素、赤-吲乙蕓苔、復硝酚鈉、蕓苔素內酯6種不同浸種劑處理油莎豆塊莖，通過統計田間出苗情況并調查苗期農藝性狀，分析不同浸種劑處理后鹽堿地油莎豆萌發和幼苗生長的差異，進行綜合評價。結果顯示，蕓苔素內酯處理出苗勢最大，為69.33%；其次是水楊酸處理，為64.67%，比CK （清水）處理分別提高了70.47%和59.01%；各處理出苗率較CK均有提高。多重比較結果顯示，水楊酸處理苗高、葉片數、SPAD值、葉片干重4個指標均為最大且顯著高于對照；計算不同處理各指標隸屬函數值及平均隸屬函數值并進行排名，由高到低排序為水楊酸、蕓苔素內酯、氯化鈣、S誘抗素、赤-吲乙蕓苔、復硝酚鈉、清水。藥劑浸種可不同程度緩解鹽害，促進油莎豆鹽堿地出苗和生長，其中以0.5 mmol/L水楊酸浸種處理效果最佳。

關鍵詞 油莎豆；浸種劑；鹽堿地；苗期；綜合評價

中圖分類號 Q945.78 文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2024）18-0025-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.18.006

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Comprehensive Evaluation of Field Emergence of Cyperus esculentus in Different Seed Soaking Agents Under Salt Stress

WEI Hai-feng 1，2，SHI Xue-shuang3， Mimadunzhu4 et al

（1.College of Agronomy，Xinjiang Agricultural University，Uruml2SCkzfKHUaO7sCWbeykPGVpbipg60KWRiOdwan6IH4=qi，Xinjiang 830000;2.Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources，Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Ji’nan，Shandong 250100; 3.Xigaze Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science Research and Extension Center，Xigaze，Xizang 857012;4.Xigaze City Nanmulin County Agriculture and Rural Bureau，Xigaze，Xizang 857100）

Abstract We studied the differences in germination and seedling growth of Cyperus esculentus under different soaking agent treatments in saline alkali soil， selected suitable soaking agents，so as to provide practical theoretical basis for the cultivation and planting of Cyperus esculentus in saline alkali soil.Under salt stress conditions in the field，six different soaking agents of calcium chloride，salicylic acid，S-inducer，indole-3-acetic acid，sodium nitrate and brassinolide were used to treat the tubers of Cyperus esculentus.Through statistical analysis of field emergence and investigation of agronomic traits during the seedling stage，the differences in germination and seedling growth of Cyperus esculentus in saline alkali soil after different soaking agents treatment were analyzed，and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted.Results showed that the treatment with brassinolide had the highest emergence rate，which was 69.33%，followed with salicylic acid treatment，which was 64.67%，they were 70.47% and 59.01% higher than CK （clean water treatment），respectively.The emergence rate of each treatment has increased compared to CK.Multiple comparison results showed that the four indicators of seedling height，number of leaves，SPAD value and dry weight of leaves treated with salicylic acid were the highest and were significantly higher than those of CK.We calculated the membership function values and average membership function values of different indicators for different treatments，and ranked them in a descending order of salicylic acid，brassinolide，calcium chloride，S-inducer，indole-3-acetic acid，sodium nitrite and water.Soaking seeds with pesticides could alleviate salt damage to varying degrees and promote the emergence and growth of Cyperus esculentus in saline alkali soil.Among them，soaking seeds with 0.5 mmol/L salicylic acid had the best effect.

Key words Cyperus esculentus;Seed-soaking agent;Saline land;Seedling stage;Comprehensive evaluation

基金項目 國家重點研發計劃項目“重要耐鹽堿作物規模化種植豐產增效技術集成與示范” （2019YFD1002703）；國家重點研發計劃項目“黃河三角洲耐鹽堿作物良種選育關鍵技術與規模化制種” （2019YFD1002701）；山東省“渤海糧倉”科技示范工程“鹽堿地區域重要經濟作物提質增效技術集成研究與示范” （2019BHLC002）；2003年 日喀則市人才資源開發專項資金項目“日喀則市油莎豆新品種引種篩選及配套關鍵栽培技術研究與示范”。……