
[摘 要]項目式學習是指以驅動性問題為抓手,引導學生探索學科內容,在探索過程中調動學生相關的學科知識、學習策略,以提升學生的學習能力,在解決實際問題中提升學科核心素養的學習方式。以譯林版英語教材六年級下冊Project 2的教學為例,教師應深入分析教學內容和學生學情,制訂合理的教學目標,通過有效設計教學環節,培養學生的英語核心素養。
[關鍵詞]英語項目式學習;復習課;驅動性問題;實際問題
[中圖分類號] G623.31 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1007-9068(2024)24-0026-03
譯林版英語教材中每冊都包含兩個Project單元,需要教師帶領學生開展項目式學習,以項目式學習的方式復習鞏固前幾個單元學習的內容。這打破了傳統英語復習課“炒冷飯”的局面,促使學生在項目驅動下復習語言知識,在實踐活動中內化知識、習得技能。以譯版英語教材六年級下冊Project 2 A travel book的教學為例,教師帶領學生在完成項目“制作班級旅行書”的過程中,復習Unit 5、Unit 6、Unit 7三個單元的相關內容,培養學生發現問題、解決問題、合作分享的能力。
一、教學內容和學生學情分析
1.模塊內容分析
本模塊談論的話題是旅行,主要聚焦著名城市的天氣、景點、美食以及其他特征明顯的事物等展開討論,屬于“人與社會”主題范疇。教師在教學時可引導學生從談論課本中的城市拓展到談論其他城市、自己最喜歡的城市。
2.學生學情分析
六年級學生雖然已經學習了幾個Project的內容,但對于Project的實施方式還不熟悉,而注重語言表達的準確性、邏輯性與豐富性是本次復習課教學的關鍵。因此,教師可以引導學生開展“制作班級旅行書”項目式學習,讓學生掌握項目式學習的步驟,在項目式合作學習中學語言、用語言,提高學生的綜合語言運用能力。
學生在之前的學習中已經積累了一定的語言知識和話題討論經驗,這為本次項目式學習打下了堅實的基礎。對學生來說,理解代表城市特征的相關知識的難度不大,但通過多種渠道搜集信息,準確、流暢、多元地表達城市的相關特征則有一定的難度。
二、教學目標制訂
基于上述分析,可將本次復習課項目式學習分為兩個課時。第一課時,教師要立足教材,基于學生已有的語言知識與文化背景,開展形式多樣、內容豐富的教學活動,讓學生積累豐富的語言資源,并結合自身的旅行經歷或愿望表達對某一城市的喜愛之情,并能與同學合作學習、自信表達,提高動手操作的能力,為第二課時的學習做準備。具體教學目標如下。
1.語言知識目標
(1)能熟練地運用有關天氣、名勝、美食以及能代表城市特征的其他詞匯。
(2)能熟練運用“How’s the weather? It’s usually ...”“What interesting places will you go ... ? We’ll go ...”“What food will you eat ... ? We’ll eat ...”等句型進行問答。
2.語言能力目標
(1)能通過看視頻、聽錄音、讀文本的方式提升信息提取與梳理能力,并能結合自己的語言積累和生活經驗進行個性化表達。
(2)能通過小組合作、同伴交流等方式強化合作、交流和分享意識,進而不斷豐富自己對城市話題的理解和表達。
3.情感態度目標
(1)能通過歌謠、閱讀材料、圖片視頻等多種形式充分體會并享受英語學習的樂趣,產生學習英語的欲望。
(2)通過學習和活動體驗,感受、了解不同城市的豐富活動及其文化差異,從而產生積極的情感。
4.文化意識目標
(1)能通過基礎學習和拓展提升,體會各個城市的不同之處,感知世界的多元。
(2)能通過學習與城市相關的文化知識,產生傳播中國文化和為自己家鄉代言的愿望。
5.學習策略目標
(1)能通過信息提取、整理、問答等方式,逐步加深對目標語言的理解,并能進行豐富多元和個性化的語言輸出。
(2)能通過同桌討論、小組合作等方式,開展互助式學習,減輕焦慮情緒,提高學習效率。
三、教學環節
Step 1: Lead in
1.Enjoy a chant
T:Let’s enjoy a chant together. What’s the chant about?
Ss: ...
T: What cities do you know from the story time?
Ss:Shanghai, Taipei, Hong Kong, London, Beijing.
T: Today we will learn more about these cities.
【設計意圖】興趣導入,揭示主題。教師從學生已經學過的城市出發,引出本節課中學生將要學習的5個城市,通過與主題相關的chant激發學生的學習興趣,迅速揭示本課主題。
2.Know about project
T: I will teach you a special unit, it’s a project. Guess, what we are going to do about the project, “A travel book”?
Students talk about the steps of this project according to the pictures.
T: Very good, see (PPT出示部分文字與圖片), we’ll ...
T: So, this is a project, but in today’s class, we just do the first steps.(出示圖片,見圖1)
【設計意圖】自主建構,厘清步驟。引導學生談論“制作班級旅行書”項目的過程,厘清項目式學習的具體步驟,明確本節課的學習內容,為后續學習做好鋪墊。
Step 2: Presentation
1.How to learn more
T: First let’s learn and talk more about these cities. To learn more about them, what can we do?
Students talk about the ways they can learn more about the cities.
T: We will watch, listen, ask and read. I hope you can also learn from each other in class.
【設計意圖】激活認知,知識遷移。教師組織學生運用看、聽、問、讀等多種方式,對不同城市的景點、美食和風土人情等進行了解,加大對學生的語言知識和文化知識輸入。
2.Watch about London
A.Learning skills
T:First, we will enjoy a video and finish the mind map of London. But before/while/after watching, what should we do?
Studends talk about the learning skills.
B.Watch and fill the mind map
T:After watching, do you remember what we should do? I’ll give you 10 seconds to check your answers.
T:In London, the weather is not good. We know from the video people usually bring an umbrella to go outside. It’s famous for the weather.
T: So when we talk about a city, we can talk from these aspects, they’re weather, traffic, interesting places, food and sport.
Students finish the mind map and check the answers.
【設計意圖】觀看視頻,滲透策略。教師引導學生觀看倫敦的相關視頻,完成思維導圖,滲透學習策略;引導學生根據思維導圖談論倫敦,了解倫敦因為天氣而聞名的原因,從而激發學生深入挖掘倫敦這座城市的歷史人文、風土人情的興趣。
3.Ask about Taipei
A.Raise some questions
T: Can you ask about Taipei from these aspects, for example, interesting places? How about weather/traffic/sport/food?
Students ask about some questions from these aspects.
B.Listen to Justin’s answers
T: You have so many questions about Taipei. Miss Gao has a friend who lives in Taipei, maybe he can answer your questions, let’s listen to the dialogues. When you’re listening, write down some key information.
Students listen to the dialogues and talk about how to write quickly, take notes about the key information.
C.Make a dialogue, ask and answer
T: Look, here are some useful questions, you can make a dialogue with your partners, don’t forget to say hello and thank you.
Students make a dialogue about Taipei with partners.
T: Do you remember what’s famous in Taipei?
Ss: The night market.
T: Yes, let’s enjoy a video about the night market in Taipei.
T: We know Taipei is the province of Taiwan, Taiwan is part of China. Do you know what’s the capital of China?
Ss:Beijing.
4.Read about Beijing
T: Here’s a passage and a table about Beijing, to fill in the table, what should we do?
Students talk about the skills and fill in the table and check the answers.
T: You know Beijing is an old city. Do you know the Palace Museum has another name? What does forbidden mean? Why people call it “forbidden”?
Students talk about the reasons, and they know Beijing is famous for its history.
T: Can you talk about Beijing?
Students talk about Beijing.
【設計意圖】拓展閱讀,手腦并用。教師引導學生通過快速瀏覽、把握細節等閱讀策略,完成北京的城市介紹卡,并談論介紹北京;通過語料了解紫禁城的由來,引出北京得名的緣由。
Step 3: Consolidation
T: Today, we watched about London, asked about Taipei and read about Beijing. Then you’re going to use these ways to learn Shanghai, Changzhou and Hong Kong. Here I have 6 envelopes, each group choose one city.
One student of each group comes to the front and choose the city.
T: If you choose Shanghai, you should watch the video together, finish the mind map of Shanghai. If you choose Hong Kong, you should read the passage together, finish the city card of Hong Kong. If you choose Changzhou, you should make a dialogue, ask and answer. Then come to the front, report together!
Students learn in groups and share the city.
【設計意圖】合作學習,拓展延伸。教師讓學生選擇一個城市與一種方法,開展組內合作學習,促使學生在實踐中熟練掌握本節課的學習方式與策略。
T: Boys and girls, today we learn more about these cities, we know London is famous for its weather, Taipei is famous for its night market, Beijing is famous for its history, so different cities have different culture, we should respect the culture.
【設計意圖】總結凝練,主題升華。教師引導學生暢所欲言,在反思中升華主題,在回顧中提煉內涵,在總結中生成意義。
Step 4: Assignments
T: Today’s homework, No.1, you can learn more about your favourite city by watching, listening, asking or reading. No.2, then find out information or pictures of the city, get ready for the next lesson!
【設計意圖】夯實基礎,拓展提升。教師將家庭作業與項目式學習相融合,為下節課的學習埋下伏筆。
本單元教學中,教師每帶領學生了解一個城市,就讓他們提煉出這個城市最吸引人和最著名的地理建筑和風土人情,并在課堂教學末尾,引領學生總結出:不同的城市有不同的文化,我們應該尊重各個城市的不同文化。這樣,將對單元主題的挖掘滲透在活動中,讓學生在活動體驗、合作探究和思維碰撞中感悟主題意義,實現核心素養的全面發展。
[ 參 考 文 獻 ]
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[2] 倪筱菊.課程思政視域下大學英語聽說課程“一體兩翼”教學模式實踐研究[J].英語廣場,2023(2):89-92.