邵陽煙區(qū)烤煙新品種（系）適應性篩選?

摘 要：為篩選適合邵陽煙區(qū)種植的優(yōu)良烤煙品種，獲得優(yōu)質(zhì)原材料，促進邵陽煙葉持續(xù)健康發(fā)展，2022年在邵陽新寧縣對CS19、HC1803、HC2011、CZ67、YZ2008、CS08、HC2023和HC1804這8個烤煙新品種進行了區(qū)域試驗，以當?shù)刂髟云贩NK326和云煙87為對照，比較分析各品種的主要生育期、植物學性狀、抗逆性、主要農(nóng)藝性狀、經(jīng)濟性狀等。結果表明：YZ2008在邵陽地區(qū)表現(xiàn)最好，各項指標優(yōu)良，具有推廣潛力，建議擴大YZ2008在邵陽煙區(qū)的種植面積，并進行新品種生產(chǎn)試驗和示范；HC1803表現(xiàn)較差，不及對照品種，不推薦大面積種植；CS08和HC2023這2個品種可以作為區(qū)試試驗品繼續(xù)進行試驗，進一步驗證是否具備廣泛推廣的價值；其余品種無推廣價值。

關鍵詞：烤煙；新品種；區(qū)試試驗；邵陽煙區(qū)

中圖分類號：S572 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1006-060X（2023）05-0010-04

Abstract：To screen excellent tobacco varieties suitable for planting in Shaoyang tobacco-growing area， to obtain elite raw materials and to promote the sustainable and healthy development of Shaoyang tobacco industry， in 2022， eight new tobacco varieties （lines）， CS19， HC1803， HC2011， CZ67， YZ2008， CS08， HC2023 and HC1804， were involved in a regioal test in Xinning County， Shaoyang， and the local major cultivars K326 and Yunyan 87 were set as controls. Their growth periods， botanical characters， stress resistance， main agronomic characters and economic characters were compared. The results showed that YZ2008 performed the best in Shaoyang area， with excellent indicators and promotion potential， so it is suggested expanding the planting area in Shaoyang tobacco area， and carrying out new varietal production test and demonstration. The performance of HC1803 was worse than that of the controls， so it is not recommended to plant in large area. CS08 and HC2023 can be used for further regional test to verify whether they have the value of widespread promotion. The other varieties （lines） have no promotional values.

Key words：tobacco; new variety （lines）; regional test; Shaoyang tobacco area

優(yōu)良的烤煙品種不僅是煙葉生產(chǎn)的基礎，也是影響優(yōu)質(zhì)卷煙生產(chǎn)的核心要素[1-3]。在相同的生態(tài)條件下，品種對煙葉產(chǎn)質(zhì)量起主導作用[4]。邵陽煙區(qū)年均煙葉產(chǎn)量約7 500 t，是湖南省烤煙的主產(chǎn)區(qū)之一，主栽品種為云煙87和K326，經(jīng)過長期的種植，主栽品種在該地區(qū)的抗病抗逆能力降低，不能較好地彰顯本地風格，產(chǎn)質(zhì)量下降，影響煙農(nóng)經(jīng)濟效益[5]。不同的品種在相同生態(tài)條件下會表現(xiàn)出不一樣的適應性[6]，因此選用適應性好、抗逆能力強、適產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)的品種對邵陽煙區(qū)煙葉產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。培育烤煙新品種進行生產(chǎn)推廣必不可少且極為關鍵的一環(huán)就是進行品種區(qū)域試驗[7-8]。按照湖南省煙草科學研究所烤煙新品種……