



摘 要:為了了解垃圾中轉(zhuǎn)站空氣中主要細(xì)菌的種類,給氣溶膠的防治策略提供參考依據(jù),采用Andersen-6級撞擊式空氣微生物采樣器在多個生活垃圾中轉(zhuǎn)站采集樣品,采用傳統(tǒng)分離純化方法獲得了4株優(yōu)勢細(xì)菌,菌種編號分別為3、5、6和9號,這4個菌落總和占到了總菌落數(shù)的84.3%;通過菌落和菌體形態(tài)、革蘭氏染色、生理生化指標(biāo)、16S rRNA基因序列分析和同源性比較等方法,3、5、6和9號菌株分別被鑒定為極考克氏菌、拉浩爾谷農(nóng)球菌、條紋微桿菌和解淀粉芽孢桿菌。
關(guān)鍵詞:垃圾中轉(zhuǎn)站;生物氣溶膠;優(yōu)勢細(xì)菌;形態(tài)學(xué)鑒定;分子生物學(xué)鑒定
中圖分類號:S511 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:1006-060X(2023)05-0001-04
Abstract:In order to know dominant bacteria species in bioaerosol from the refuse transfer station and provide reference for the control strategy of aerosol, Anderson six-stage sampler was used to collect samples from several refuse transfer stations. And four dominant strains were obtained by traditional separation and purification methods, which were coded No. 3, No. 5, No. 6 and No. 9, accounting for 84.3% of the total colonies. Based on colony and bacterium morphology, Gram stain, physiological and biochemical indexes, sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene, and homology comparison, strains No.3, No. 5, No. 6 and No. 9 were identified as Kocuria polaris, Agrococcus lahaulensis, Microbacterium lacus, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
Key words:refuse transfer station; bioaerosol; dominant bacteria; morphological identification; molecular biological identification
生物氣溶膠是源自植物、動物和微生物死的或活的空氣粒子[1],粒徑在0.001~100 μm之間。由于它們體積極小,重量極輕,可以在大氣層中停留足夠長的時間,并進(jìn)行長距離飄移,在大氣、生物圈和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮作用,從而對人類健康和生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生一定影響[2]。生物氣溶膠微生物是生物氣溶膠中的重要一類,包括細(xì)菌、真菌、放線菌和病毒等,其在大氣中的濃度具有明顯的時空差異,受到許多因素的影響,包括微生物來源、人類活動和環(huán)境條件等,需要在不同地區(qū)進(jìn)行長期監(jiān)測[3]。
隨著城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程的加快,城市生活垃圾的產(chǎn)量與日俱增。據(jù)靈動核心的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2019年我國城市生活垃圾產(chǎn)生量達(dá)3.43億t,且自我國實(shí)施垃圾分類政策以來,生活垃圾中有機(jī)質(zhì)含量大副提升,在中轉(zhuǎn)站堆放的過程中容易滋生細(xì)菌、真菌和病毒等微生物。……