新周期下健美操難度動作選編分析

摘要：難度動作是競技健美操成套中的關鍵部分，也是成套動作中的核心競爭要點。單人項目在競技健美操中最能體現運動員的個人能力和競技水平。本文依照2022-2024版評分規則，對2022年全國健美操錦標賽成年組單人操項目的決賽前3名，共6套成套中難度動作的使用、組合動作的選用等進行了統計與分析，了解當前健美操高水平隊伍難度動作的發展趨勢，增加對難度動作的研究。結論表明：難度選擇集中在A、B組別；高分難度為主成為趨勢；高分難度的增加提高了對難度布局的要求；高質量地完成難度動作是取得勝利的關鍵；男單運動員使用難度組合的能力較強，女單運動員在難度組合選擇方面模式較單一。

關鍵詞：規則；競技健美操；單人項目；難度動作

Analysis on the Selection and Compilation of Difficult Movements of Aerobics in the New Cycle -- Taking the Individual Exercises of Adult Group in the 2022 National Aerobics

Championship as An Example

LEI Shufei

Absrtact： Difficult movements are the key part of the complete set of competitive aerobics ， and also the core competitive points of that.In competitive aerobics， individual events can best reflect the athlete’spersonal ability and competitive level . In accordance with the 2022-2024 version of the grading rules，this papermakes statistics and analyzes on the use of difficult movements and the selection of combined movements in a total ofsix sets of the top threefinalists of the adult group solo gymnastics events in the 2022 National Aerobics Championship， aimingto understand the development trend of difficult movements of high-level aerobics teams， and to increase the research on difficult movements. The conclusions are as follows：first， the difficulty selection is concentrated in groups A and B; second， prioritization of high-score difficulty has become a trend;third，the increase of high-score difficulty has increased the requirements for difficulty layout;fourth， completing difficult movements with high quality is the key to victory;and the last，men's singles are better at using difficulty combinations， while women's singles have a relatively single mode of difficulty combination selection.

Key words：Code of Point;Competitive aerobics; Single person project; Difficulty Action

競技健美操源于流行的大眾健美操，它是一項以力量和柔韌性為重要目標的藝術，具有很強的觀賞價值，至今已有50多年的歷史[1]。其比賽項目包括男單、女單、混合雙人操、三人操和五人操，本文所研究的單人操為男子單人操和女子單人操。難度動作是該項目的骨骼與支撐，國際體操聯合會競賽規程明確規定，難度分是比賽隊伍唯一能夠申訴的，從而使人們認識到難度動作的重要性[2]。本文通過對2022-2024版FIG評分規則中難度動作的解讀并結合2022年全國健美操錦標賽成年組單人操決賽前三名的成套難度動作，深入分析單人項目的難度動作編排特征。為今后單人項目中難度動作的編排發展提供一定的參考和理論依據。……