王玉萍 顏佳 蔣勇



摘要:以 2000—2021年風景園林行業專利信息為依據,綜合采用計量分析法、對比分析法等科學方法,分別從專利申請量、申請類型、授權率、法律狀態、技術領域分布、申請人排名、專利申請方向與行業核心技術領域對比、專利運營情況及專利價值度等領域進行重點檢索與分析。研究表明,風景園林行業的專利數量與授權率總體呈上升趨勢,專利申請行為活躍,知識產權保護的意識有所提升。但同時也存在專利申請領域覆蓋不全面、申請分布不均衡、專利價值度和復用率較低等問題。針對以上問題,研究提出針對行業優先發展領域重點發展核心技術,采用合適的專利保護方式,有目的性地進行專利布局,抓住新一代信息技術發展機遇等建議。
關鍵詞: 風景園林;專利;知識產權;技術創新
中圖分類號:TU986
文獻標志碼:A
文章編號:1671-2641(2023)01-0043-06
收稿日期:2021-12-07
修回日期:2022-06-06
Abstract: Based on the patent information of landscape architecture industry from 2000 to 2021, the scientific methods of quantitative analysis and com-parative analysis are synthetically used to carry out key retrieval and analysis from patent application quantity, application type, authorization rate, legal status, technology field distribution, applicant, technology innovation focus, comparison between patent application direction and industry core technology fields, patent operation and patent value. This research shows that the number of patents in landscape architecture is on the rise, the patent application behavior is active, and the awareness of intellectual property protection is improved. However, there are also some problems such as incomplete coverage of patent application field, unbalanced distribution of patent application, low patent value and reuse rate. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward some suggestions, such as focusing on the development of core technologies in the priority development areas of the industry, adopting appropriate ways of patent protection, carrying out patent layout purposefully and seizing the development opportunities of the new generation of information technology.
Key words: Landscape architecture; Patents; Intellectual property; Technological innovation
專利作為集技術、經濟、法律信息為一體的綜合信息源,是知識產權的重要組成部分,也是衡量科技創新能力的關鍵性指標[1]。從作為技術創新最突出代表的專利角度進行分析,有利于發現風景園林行業技術創新和保護所存在的問題,也有助于維護從業者的合法權益,實現行業可持續發展及創新。目前,學界對于風景園林行業專利保護的關注有限。沈靜[2]對園林規劃設計中知識產權侵權的問題進行了分析并提出建議,其中包含了部分專利保護的內容,孟娜[3]也提出了景觀設計中所遇到的知識產權保護問題,但二者所提出的問題都缺乏有效的數據支撐?!?br>