順德清暉園荷池香景感知評價研究

陳蘊儀 黃靖雯 陳意微

摘要：聚焦嶺南園林荷池香景營造，以順德清暉園為例，采用香景漫步和問卷調查的方法，分析游人對荷香的感知評價，繪制香景地圖，揭示荷香的空間分布特征及感知特征。從香景地圖可見，清暉園荷香主要分布于澄漪亭一帶及六角亭和綠湖紅霧門附近，其中尤其以澄漪亭被感知荷香的頻次最高，是荷香消夏的理想場所；從主觀評價得出，大多數人喜愛荷香，認為其強度為弱，持續時長短，香氣類型為清爽，對香景的感知受其經驗記憶的影響。香景地圖作為一種以人的感知為途徑，將無形的香氣進行可視化表達的記錄與監測方式，可為古典園林遺產保護與遺產文化呈現提供新的視野和啟發。

關鍵詞：嶺南園林；清暉園；香景；香景漫步；香景地圖；感知

評價

中圖分類號：TU986

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1671-2641（2023）01-0017-05

收稿日期：2022-12-07

修回日期：2023-02-02

Abstract： With a focus on lotus pond smellscape construction in Lingnan gardens， taking Qinghui Garden in Shunde as an example， the methods of smellwalk and questionnaire survey are used to investigate visitors' perception and evaluation of lotus fragrance， so as to draw smallmaps， and reveal the spatial distribution characteristics and perception characteristics of lotus fragrance. According to the smellmaps， the lotus fragrance is mainly distributed in the vicinity of the Chengyi Pavilion， the hexagonal pavilion and the red fog gate of Lake Midori. In particular， the frequency of lotus fragrance is the highest in Chengyi Pavilion， which is the ideal place for lotus fragrance to spend in summer. According to subjective evaluation， most people like lotus fragrance， and think that the aroma is weak in intensity， short in duration， and refreshing in aroma type， and the perception of fragrance is influenced by their experience and memory. As an archiving and monitoring method of recording the visual expression of invisible scents through human perception， the smellmap can provide new vision and inspiration for the heritage protection of classical gardens and the presentation of heritage culture.

Key words：Lingnan Gardens; Qinghui Garden; Smellscape; Smellwalk; Smellmap; Perception and evaluation

荷（蓮Nelumbo nucifera）是嶺南地區常見的水生植物，大量生長于自然水塘之中。而嶺南傳統園林以再現自然山水為追求，故荷池成為其中極為常見的要素。從明清時期的嶺南園林史料可見，無論園中水池大與小，方與曲，均少不了荷花，大者如海山仙館貯韻樓前荷池、邱園荷池，小者方者如小山園荷池、杏林莊荷池。荷自古以來受到文人的喜愛，清代李漁認為“芙蕖之可人，其事不一而足”，荷不僅以其花色之妖媚，葉之鮮碧，亭亭玉立之姿態“可目”，而且“可鼻，則有荷葉之清香，荷花之異馥”，并且“可人之口者，則蓮實與藕”，乃至霜中敗葉，可作裹物之用，足見荷大有可為，“無一時一刻不適耳目之觀，無一物一絲不備家常之用”[1]。……