摘要:我國西部地區(qū)近年來園藝產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速。為了有效防治園藝植物常見的病蟲害,根據(jù)中國西部的氣候特點(diǎn)及蟲種群特點(diǎn),闡述了園藝植物病蟲害生物防治技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì),并根據(jù)當(dāng)前西部部分地區(qū)園藝植物病蟲害的實(shí)際情況,提出了一些園藝植物病蟲害生物防治技術(shù)的應(yīng)用策略。實(shí)際案例表明,科學(xué)防治病蟲害對(duì)提高園藝植物的產(chǎn)量具有顯著的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
關(guān)鍵詞:園藝植物;病蟲害;生物防治技術(shù);應(yīng)用策略
中圖分類號(hào):S436 ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號(hào):2097-2172(2023)02-0188-06
doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2023.02.020
Analysis of Biological Control Techniques Based on the Characteristics of Common Diseases and Insect Pests of Horticultural Plants in Western China
NIU Xiaoyun
(Comprehensive Agricultural and Rural Service Centre, Qingyuan Township, Weiyuan County, Weiyuan Gansu 748200, China)
Abstract: In recent years, horticulture industry has developed rapidly in western China. In order to control common diseases and insect pests of horticultural plants, the advantages of biological control technology of diseases and insect pests of horticultural plants were expounded according to the climatic characteristics and insect population characteristics of western China. Some application strategies of biological control techniques for horticultural plant diseases and insect pests were put forward. It has been proved that scientific pest control has significant advantages in increasing the yield of horticultural plants, which provides theoretical basis for the cultivation of local horticultural plants.
Key words: Horticultural plant; Plant disease and insect pest; Biological control technology; Application Policy
園藝植物在一般定義上區(qū)別于農(nóng)作物,主要指具有觀賞價(jià)值及部分同時(shí)具備觀賞及可食用的植物類別。西北地區(qū)主要的園藝植物有當(dāng)歸、食用菌及果樹等[1 ]。雖然園藝植物種類繁多,但是其具有一個(gè)共同的特性,就是在生長(zhǎng)和儲(chǔ)存售賣過程中需要保持園藝植物自身的新鮮度。然而,當(dāng)前我國西部部分地區(qū)的園藝植物由于受當(dāng)?shù)貧夂驐l件和園藝植物栽培管理水平以及儲(chǔ)存保鮮技術(shù)的影響,長(zhǎng)期受到病蟲害的困擾,使得西部部分地區(qū)所種植生產(chǎn)的園藝植物不符合儲(chǔ)存售賣條件,從而帶來了不小的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。
筆者以病蟲害侵蝕園藝植物的機(jī)理出發(fā),依托西部地區(qū)的氣候特點(diǎn)及園藝植物種群,討論了科學(xué)防治病蟲害的手段,以期為西部地區(qū)園藝植物的優(yōu)化栽種提供指導(dǎo)。
1 ? 園藝植物常見病蟲害及為害特點(diǎn)
1.1 ? 園藝植物常見病蟲害概述
近年來,西部地區(qū)大力發(fā)展園藝產(chǎn)業(yè),大批農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)者結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)貧夂蚣巴寥捞攸c(diǎn),大力發(fā)展了果樹及中藥等具有觀賞性的經(jīng)濟(jì)類作物。……