老吾老以及人之老

羅麗雯

2022年新高考全國Ⅰ卷閱讀C篇，選取英國倫敦養(yǎng)老院關(guān)愛老人的研究項目的語篇。文章內(nèi)容大致可以分為三個部分，包含了實施該項目的目的（1-2段），實施該項目的好處（3-5段），該項目在全國的實施情況及負(fù)責(zé)人的看法（6-8段）。

考查的具體題目如下：

The elderly residents（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.

The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善組織）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia， a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.

Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said：“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.

“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see theyve gone to bed.

“Its good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. Im enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have done something useful.”

There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East， and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.

Wendy Wilson， extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street， one of the first to embark on the project， said：“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”

Lynn Lewis， director of Notting Hill Pathways， said：“We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”

28. What is the purpose of the project？

A. To ensure harmony in care homes.

B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.

C. To raise money for medical research.

D. To promote the elderly peoples welfare.

29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier？

A. She has learned new life skills.

B. She has gained a sense of achievement.

C. She has recovered her memory.

D. She has developed a strong personality.

30. What do the underlined words“embark on”mean in paragraph 7？

A. Improve.? B. Oppose.? C. Begin.? D. Evaluate.

31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs？

A. It is well received.? ?B. It needs to be more creative.

C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.

分析

第28題，為細(xì)節(jié)考查題，考查了項目的目的，從第二段第一句“The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善組織）to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing.”可知，當(dāng)?shù)卮壬平M織是為了減少老年人的孤獨感和提升他們的福祉，同義轉(zhuǎn)換為D. To promote the elderly peoples welfare.

第29題，為細(xì)節(jié)考查題，考查該項目對Ruth Xavier的影響（該項目的好處），從第5段Ruth Xavier所說的話“Its good to have a different focus. ... Im enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have done something useful.”可知，她在養(yǎng)雞的過程中，感覺到自己做了有用的事，同義轉(zhuǎn)換為B. She has gained a sense of achievement.（有成就感）

第30題，問劃線詞embark on的意思，根據(jù)所在句子 one of the first to embark on the project，said，“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions...”（其中一位首次……該項目的人，認(rèn)為這個項目受到居民的歡迎），排除選項B. Oppose（反對），再利用“We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”項目經(jīng)理希望該項目能給老人家?guī)砗锰幒蜌g樂，確定答案為C. Begin（開啟，開創(chuàng)），而不是A. Improve（改善）或D. Evaluate.（評估）

第31題，推理題，從最后兩段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. ...”可知該項目很受歡迎，答案為A. It is well received.

通過在養(yǎng)老院開創(chuàng)養(yǎng)雞項目，讓老年人轉(zhuǎn)移焦點，減少孤獨感的同時，又獲得成就感，這體現(xiàn)了對老年人的人文關(guān)懷。無獨有偶，2017年全國Ⅲ卷中的閱讀D篇，Newcastle University的研究團隊，致力于研究老年司機所面臨的問題，并研發(fā)適合老年人駕駛的汽車。

文章內(nèi)容大致可以分為三部分，首先也是點出該研究項目的目的（1-2段），接著說明能獨立駕駛對老年的好處（3-4段），最后是研發(fā)人員對項目前景的期待（5-8段）。所考查的具體題目如下：

The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named“DriveLAB”in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.

Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people， leading to them becoming more isolated（隔絕）and inactive.

Led by Professor Phil Blythe， the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.

These include custom-made navigation（導(dǎo)航