西安市5~6歲兒童乳牙患齲現況及影響因素分析

師夢園 李駿 張章 焦昕宇 魏少波 紀恩濤

摘?要：目的：調查西安市5～6歲兒童患齲情況及其相關危險因素。方法：本研究采用整群抽樣的方法，對西安市雁塔區和新城區兩個城區共610名5～6歲兒童的資料進行分析，包括兒童的基本信息、刷牙習慣、進食習慣、口腔檢查結果等。主要結果指標是兒童是否患齲，定性變量單因素分析使用卡方檢驗，定量變量使用t檢驗，多因素分析使用多因素logistics回歸。結果：西安市5～6歲城區兒童乳牙患齲率63.61%，齲均2.99±3.37，齲齒充填率19.68%。其中男生患齲率65.15%，齲均3.12±3.50，齲齒填充率為17.49%;女生患齲率61.79%，齲均2.84±3.20，齲齒填充率為22.52%，差異均無統計學意義（P>0.05）。單因素分析結果顯示軟垢指數、開始刷牙年齡、進食甜點心頻率、睡前進食甜點心與患齲率有關，多因素Logistic回歸分析結果顯示軟垢指數，開始刷牙年齡是齲病的主要影響因素。結論：西安市5～6歲兒童患齲率處于較高水平，其中軟垢指數和開始刷牙年齡與患齲有關，需要提醒家長注意兒童的口腔衛生，早期培養其良好的刷牙習慣。

關鍵詞：齲齒;患病率;兒童;回歸分析

Dental?caries?status

and?its?influencing?factors?among?5～6yearold?children?in?Xian

Shi?Mengyuan1?Li?Jun2*?Zhang?Zhang1?Jiao?Xinyu1?Wei?Shaobo1?Ji?Entao1

1.Shaanxi?University?of?Chinese?Medicine?ShaanxiXianyang?712000;

2.Xian?Center?for?Disease?Prevention?and?Control?ShaanxiXian?710000

Abstract：Objective：To?investigate?the?prevalence?of?dental?caries?and?its?influencing?factors?among?5～6yearold?children?in?Xi'an.Methods：This?study?used?cluster?sampling?to?analyze?the?data?of?a?total?of?610?children?aged?56?in?the?Yanta?District?and?Xincheng?District?of?Xi'an，including?basic?information?of?children，brushing?habits，eating?habits，oral?examination?results，etc.The?primary?outcome?measure?was?whether?the?child?had?dental?caries，analysis?of?qualitative?variables?using?chisquare?test，the?quantitative?variables?using?the?ttest，and?the?logistic?regression?analysis?was?performed?to?study?the?relationships?between?the?prevalence?of?dental?caries?and?the?selected?variables.Results：The?prevalence?of?dental?caries?was?63.61%in?5～6yearold?children?in?Xian，the?mean?dmft?was?2.99±3.37，and?the?dental?caries?filling?rate?was?19.68%.Among?them，the?prevalence?rate?of?male?students?was?65.15%，the?mean?dmft?was?3.12±3.50，the?filling?rate?of?dental?caries?was?17.49%，the?prevalence?rate?of?female?students?was?61.79%，the?mean?dmft?was?2.84±3.20，and?the?dental?caries?filling?rate?was?22.52%.The?difference?was?not?statistically?significant（P>0.05）.Univariate?analysis?showed?that?the?debris?index，the?age?of?starting?brushing，the?frequency?of?eating?sweet?dessert，and?the?eating?sweetness?of?sleep?were?related?to?the?rate?of?caries.The?logistic?regression?analysis?showed?that?the?debris?index?and?the?age?of?starting?brushing?were?the?main?influencing?factors?of?dental?caries.Conclusion：The?prevalence?of?dental?caries?in?children?aged?5～6?years?in?Xi'an?is?at?a?high?level，the?debris?index?and?the?age?of?starting?brushing?are?related?to?the?caries.Parents?need?to?be?reminded?to?pay?attention?to?children's?oral?hygiene，and?early?training?of?children's?good?brushing?habits.