貴州省水資源承載力的研究

楊青青 劉平清

摘?要：水資源承載力是影響社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度和規(guī)模的重要因素。雖然貴州省內(nèi)有長江和珠江兩大水系，且水量非常的大，但是由于受喀斯特地貌生長的影響，其水資源承載力有待我們研究。首先，利用因子分析進(jìn)行降維;其次，再利用TOPSIS法進(jìn)行綜合評價計算出最優(yōu)接近程度并進(jìn)行排序;最后，得出2007～2017年貴州省水資源承載力的情況。結(jié)果表明：生產(chǎn)總值、地下水資源量和當(dāng)年治理水土流失面積是極大影響貴州省水資源承載力的主要因素。則本文建議提高用水的重復(fù)頻率、引入植樹造林以防止水土流失和改善水體系與水市場等相關(guān)方法，為了推動貴州省經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，節(jié)約用水和對水資源進(jìn)行有效的保護(hù)是非常有必要的。

關(guān)鍵詞：水資源承載力;貴州省;因子分析法;TOPSIS法;綜合評價

中圖分類號：F222;F064.1??文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A

Comprehensive?evaluation

of?water?resources?carrying?capacity?in?Guizhou?Province

Yang?Qingqing?Liu?Pingqing*

School?of?economics?and?management，Liupanshui?Normal?University?GuizhouLiupanshui?553004

Abstract：Water?resources?play?a?very?important?role?in?the?balance?of?economic?development?and?economical?environment.Although?there?are?two?major?water?systems?in?Guizhou?Province，the?Yangtze?River?and?the?Pearl?River，and?the?amount?of?water?is?very?large，but?due?to?the?impact?of?the?growth?of?first?landlord，the?water?resources?carrying?capacity?needs?to?be?studied.Firstly，the?dimensionality?is?reduced?by?factor?analysis?method.Secondly，the?topsis?method?is?used?for?comprehensive?evaluation?to?calculate?the?optical?proximity?degree?and?order?it.Finally，the?water?resources?carrying?capacity?of?Guizhou?Province?from?2007?to?2017?is?obtained.The?results?show?that?the?gross?domestic?product，the?amount?of?groundwater?resources?and?the?area?of?soil?and?water?loss?under?control?are?the?main?factors?that?greatly?affect?the?water?resource?carrying?capacity?of?Guizhou?Province.In?order?to?ensure?the?sustainable?development?of?the?economy?in?Guizhou?Province，it?is?necessary?to?save?water?and?protect?water?resources?effectively.