佳木斯市艾滋病抗病毒治療患者生存率及影響因素分析

胡俊華 胡艷秋 許紅霞 周迪

[關鍵詞] 艾滋病;抗病毒治療;生存率;影響因素

[中圖分類號] R512.9? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701（2021）19-0010-04

Analysis of survival rate and influencing factors of AIDS patients treated with antiviral therapy in Jiamusi City

HU Junhua1? ?HU Yanqiu2? ?XU Hongxia1? ?ZHOU Di1

1.Department of Quality Management， Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Jiamusi? ?154007， China; 2.School of Pharmacy， Jiamusi University， Jiamusi? ?154007， China

[Abstract] Objective To understand the survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients （HIV/AIDS） treated with antiretroviral therapy（HAART） in Jiamusi City and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A retrospective cohort study was used to collect general data of HIV/AIDS HAART patients admitted to Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention from June 2009 to July 2019 through the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System". The survival rate was calculated using the life table method. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the factors affecting survival time. Results A total of 1986 HIV/AIDS HAART patients were enrolled， of which 48 died of HIV/AIDS-related diseases （2.42%）. The 1， 3， 5， and 10-year cumulative survival rates of HIV/AIDS HAART were 98.44%，97.84%，97.47%， 96.29%， respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis results showed that blood-infected HIV （HR=3.125）， age 30～（HR=4.518） at the start of treatment， age 50～（HR=15.897）at the beginning of treatment， HIV/AIDS HAART patients with missed medication （HR=5.647） were at greater risk of death. The HIV/AIDS HAART patients with high school education and above（HR=0.264）， baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count>350/μL （HR=0.183） had a lower risk of death. Conclusion From June 2009 to July 2019， the survival rate of HIV/AIDS HAART patients in Jiamusi City is relatively high. Blood infection，older age at HAART，and missed medication are risk factors for the survival of HIV/AIDS HAART patients. High school education and above， baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte count>350/μL are protective factors for the survival of HIV/AIDS HAART patients.

[Key words] AIDS; Antiviral therapy; Survival rate; Influencing factors

流行現狀顯示，截至2017年底，全球現存活艾滋病病毒感染和艾滋病患者（Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，HIV/AIDS）病例數約為3 690萬，當年新發感染者達180萬例，為全球重大公共衛生問題之一[1-2]。當前，高效抗逆轉錄病毒療法（Highly active antiretroviral therapy，HAART）能夠明顯抑制HIV病毒復制，減緩患者疾病進展，降低病死率，延長生存時間[3-4]。但因不同地區間醫療實力存在差異及個體差異，HIV/AIDS HAART患者的生存率不盡相同，且關于佳木斯市HIV/AIDS接受HAART者的生存狀況如何，尚未見報道。據此，本研究擬對佳木斯市2009年6月至2019年7月開始接受HAART的HIV/AIDS患者的生存狀況進行研究，并探索分析其影響因素，為該地區制訂針對性的防治措施提供依據，現報道如下。