畫蛇忌添足

陸高夢

成語“畫蛇添足”（Adding Feet to a Snake），對大家來說并不陌生，常用來形容節外生枝、做了多余的事，不但無益，反而有害。高考英語改錯題中，有類似句子在意義上重復的錯誤現象，所以，在做改錯題時，就要做到“畫蛇忌添足"，把句子意義上的重復部分去掉，才能保證句子的正確。舉例如下：

（1）（誤）We are advancing forward along the socialist road.

（正）We are advancing along fhe socialist road.

（析）advance = go forward，再用forward意義就重復了。

（2）（誤）After breakfast Tom was hurrying to go to school.

（正）After breakfast Tom was hurrying to school.

（析）hurry（move quickly）本身含有“走”之意，后面不可再接 go，walk，run之類的動詞，否則句子就會產生意義重復的錯誤現象。

（3）（誤）After the end of the war，she became a teacher.

（正）After the war，she became a teacher.

（析）句中 after是介詞，有“在……以后”的意思;end是“結束”，用了after，就不可再用end。

（4）（誤）As soon as the president returns，I will let you know at once.

（正）As soon as the president returns，I will let you know.

（析）as soon as 有“立刻”之意，從句中用了 as soon as，主句中就不能再用at once，immediately，right away，right now之類的詞了。

（5）（誤）This is a very excellent dictionary.

（正）This is an excellent dictionary.

（析）excellent，wonderful等詞含有“極好的（extremely good）”之意，不能再用very修飾。

（6）（誤） Let's walk to the station on foot.

（正） Let's walk to the station.

（析）walk本身含有“步行（go on foot）”之意，用了 walk，就不可再用on foot了。

（7）（誤）Do you know when Xiao Ming will return back？

（正）Do you know when Xiao Ming will return？

（析）return本身含有 come back 或 go back 的意思，其后不能再用副詞 back。

（8）（誤）Students stopped talking when the teacher entered into the classroom.

（正）Students stopped talking when the teacher entered the classroom.

（析） enter有 come / go into 的意思，不可與介詞 into 連用。

（9）（誤）They are whispering in a low voice.

（正） They are whispering.

（析）whispering本身已含有“ in a low voice"，不能再用 in a low voice.

此外，在定語從句中，也有類似在意義上重復的錯誤現象。如：

（10）（誤）I have lost the pen I bought it yesterday.

（正）I have lost the pen I bought yesterday.

（析）定語從句中關系代詞 that / which 在定語從句中充當賓語，可省略，從句中的賓語 it 是多余的，屬意義重復的錯誤現象，應該去掉。

（11）（誤）The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.

（正）The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth.

（析）上句中應由關系代詞 that 或 which 在定語從句中作賓語，己省去。因此，從句中的賓語 it 是多余的，要去掉。

試做下列練習：

（1）Everyone all likes the little boy very much.

（2）The name of the boy is called Yang Yang.

（3）Playing football is my most favorite sport.

（4）Please raise your hand up if you know the answer.

（5）Please repeat the sentence again.

（6）You should take good care of your papers carefully.

（7）Which do you prefer more，tea or coffee？

（8）When he came out，the thief had already escaped away.

（9）He says he will be back in two weeks later.

（10）Today I visited the Great Wall---my first time visit to the Great Wall.

keys：（1）去掉 all;（2）去掉 The name of;（3）去掉 most;（4）去掉 up;

（5）去掉 again;（6）去掉 carefully;（7）去掉 more;（8）去掉 away;

（9）去掉 later;（10）去掉 time

（廣西賓陽中學）