Abstracts of Papers in This Issue

AstudyontheethnolinguisticecologicalcrisisintheNorthCaucasusofRussia(p.1)

XULaidi(Faculty of Foreign Languages,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

With its complex ethnic structure and diverse types of languages,the Caucasus region has been called “the mountain of languages” since ancient times,and the linguistic diversity is especially characteristic in the North Caucasus of Russia.However,in recent years,the linguistic diversity in Russia’s North Caucasus has been seriously undermined.The region’s national languages are experiencing an unprecedented ecological crisis,and a large number of national languages are now under threat of extinction.This article aims to analyze the current state of the ethnolinguistic ecological crisis in the North Caucasus of Russia as well as its reasons and measures in response.It is assumed that this study will provide some reference for the work on the preservation of national languages in our country.

Theneedanalysisofforeignlanguagemicro-lecturesinChineseuniversities:Asurveyof124universityteachersandstudents(p.9)

LIJiachun(School of Western Studies,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

In this information age,foreign language education in China has undergone important changes.At present,micro-lectures are gaining momentum in foreign language education of Chinese colleges and universities,but the needs for them are still worth exploring.Through questionnaires and interviews,this paper makes a comprehensive survey of the needs of foreign language micro-lectures among teachers and students in 124 universities in China.The major findings are:(1) there are some divergences between teachers’ and students’ needs of foreign language micro-lectures;(2) teachers’ and students’ understanding and application of micro-lessons need to be improved;(3) in the production and application of micro-lessons teachers should pay attention to many details.In view of the current situation and problems of foreign language micro-lectures in colleges and universities,this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestions in order to shed some light on the practice of integrating foreign language micro-lectures in teaching,so as to avoid blind use and promotion,reduce the waste of human and material resources,and improve the effectiveness of foreign language teaching.

“Conciseness”or“preciseness”:AdiachronicstylisticstudyonlegalChineseinthepastcentury(p.18)

ZHENGJianwei(School of Foreign Languages,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Foreign Studies College,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

The essential feature of legal language is reflected in two contradictory dimensions:“conciseness” and “accuracy”.This paper constructs Diachronic Corpus of Chinese Criminal Law and analyzes the value of the two variables of preciseness over time after specifying the weight of each indicator by principal component analysis.It is found that the time-variant pattern of “preciseness” is the decrease of “conciseness” and the simultaneous increase of “accuracy”,which not only reflects the variation course of Chinese writing style,but also gives a glimpse of Chinese legal institution development in modern times.

AnanalysisoftransitivityinChinaDailyandFoxNewsreportsonthewithdrawaloftheU.S.fromtheWHOfromtheperspectiveofCDA(p.24)

LIUYujiao(Graduate School,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

In 2020,the Withdrawal of the United States from the WHO is one of the most significant events in the international community.The mainstream media all over the world have reported it in detail.From the perspective of critical discourse analysis,this paper takes Halliday’s transitivity system as the analytical tool to make an in-depth analysis of the reports ofChinaDailyandFoxNewson the Withdrawal of the United States from WHO.The aim is to reveal the ideological issues and political positions hidden behind different reports.Through a comparative analysis,it can be found that compared withChinaDaily,FoxNewswhich seems objective and truthful lacks objectivity and authority.The latter’s ideology is obvious.At the same time,the results also show that transitivity system has certain theoretical and practical significance in the analysis of political news.

NewadvancesinconstructiongrammarstudiesinChina:Asurveyofthe1stForumonConstructionGrammar(p.31)

SIWeiguo&WENXu(College of International Studies，Southwest University，Chongqing 400715，China)

The 1stForum on Construction Grammar featuring “theory and application” was held in Southwest University on December 12,2020.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the forum from the following perspectives:theme and features of the forum,topics and contents of the forum,and the development trend of construction grammar,etc.which can demonstrate the achievements and new advances in construction grammar studies in China.

HenryJames’sanxietyaboutthecriticismin“Theartoffiction”(p.35)

LIQiaohui(School of Foreign Languages,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

As a reaction to and a criticism of Walter Besant’s essay with the same title,Henry James’ “The Art of Fiction” has long been the focus of academic discussion,but his view on the relationship between the novel and the criticism of the novel has not aroused sufficient attention.Based on the connection between the two essays by these two authors,this paper probes into James’s anxiety about the criticism of the novel,attempting to provide some fresh perspective for the interpretation of his essay.

Thecriticalfactorsintheoriginsofthethoughtofmassculturetheory:Ageneticstudy(p.41)

MAXiaojing(School of Foreign Languages,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

Mass culture theory,also called culture industry theory in the late capitalist society,is derived from some schools of thought.Among them,the speculative philosophical thought in German classical philosophy,the critical thought of Karl Marx’s political economy and that of instrumental rationalism of the Frankfurt School can be considered as the three main sources.The critical factors in those thoughts give birth to the obvious critical function of the culture industry theory.

Thegrandtourandself-exploration:TravelwritinginARoomwithaView(p.46)

GUOXiaotong(College of Foreign Languages and Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

InARoomwithaView,Forster ingeniously reconstructs “the Grand Tour” in the context of the beginning of the 20thcentury and combines external travel experience with the characters’ inner growth.Lucy’s growth is depicted from three perspectives:the cross-class communication prompts her to reflect on the middle-class value;the aesthetic experience in the church helps her to establish humanistic belief;and exploration in nature leads to the discovery of her true self.In the novel,Italy stands in juxtaposition with Britain,and British social problems such as class conflicts and religious decline are exposed during the travel.Lucy’s experience reflects the spiritual dilemma faced by the British people in the early 20thcentury,and Forster believes that the solution lies in breaking through class and religious barriers,and seeking sincere connections with others.The protagonist’s bright ending is the most optimistic expression of Forster’s humanistic thought.

AnapplicationofnarrativetheoriesinappreciatingBritishandAmericanli-teraryworks(p.53)

SONGGe(Department of Culture and Media,Kaifeng Vocational College of Culture &Art,Kaifeng 475001,China)

Owing to the historical and realistic reasons,during the process of reading British and American literary works,students have difficulty in forming their ability in independent analysis,artistic appreciation and critical thinking.From the narrative perspective,this paper attempts to explore an approach to appreciating British and American literary works from two aspects:teachers’ instruction and analysis and students’ reception and application.It may guide students to apply narrative theories to break the barriers of textual significance and to excavate their underlying aesthetic values,in the hope of endowing a dull reading with defamiliarized aesthetic effect and mixing banal texts into a unique poetic world.

Theexistentialconstructionoftherelationshipbetweentranslatorsurvivalandtranslationbeing(p.60)

LUODijiang(School of International Studies,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Foreign Studies,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006,China)

This paper makes an attempt to find out the limits existing in translation understanding viewing translation studies from the perspective of language and culture.The essential relevance between translator survival and translation being seen from the perspective of Existence can be constructed as follows：translation is the homestead of translator survival while translator is the measure of translation that is as it is.Translator survival is “present” owing to translation being;translator survival will lose its root of being “present” without translation being.At the same time,translation being is “present” owing to translator survival;no translation being may be “present” when translator survival is covered.As a result,translation is the translation of “translatorialization” while translator is the translator of “translationalization”.

Acomparisonbetweenmachinetranslationandhumantranslationbasedonthetheoryoftranslationshift(p.66)

WANGYan&YAOZhenjun(School of International Business Communications,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China)

CHENYingjing(School of Investment and Construction Management,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China)

“Translation shifts” are inevitable in translation,so this paper conducts a comparative study of machine translation and human translation from the perspective of the theory of translation shift.In this research,5 translated texts from machine translation system and 10 translated texts from MTI students are selected as research materials and an similarity analysis of the two kinds of translation is performed by an online text similarity detector.Calculated similarity values and translation texts are compared in detail based on translation shift theory.The analysis results show that most of human translation texts have high similarity values with machine translation texts.Obligatory shifts are found in both machine translation and human translation while optional shifts rarely exist in machine translation.The more optional shifts are applied in human translation,the less similar will human translation be to machine translation.It can be concluded that machine translation can replace human translation when there is no requirement for the translation of style and human translators only need to check and correct some small errors.However,for some translation tasks requiring specific styles,machine translation is not a substitute for human translation.In order to preserve stylistic uniqueness and avoid being replaced by machine translation,human translators should bring creativity into play and use more optional shifts in translation according to the style of the original text and characteristics of the target language.

ThetranslationofBasicAnnalsoftheFirstEmperoroftheQin:Animagologicalapproach(p.74)

YANPing(School of Foreign Languages,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

The merging field of imagology and translation is a new focus in translation studies,which examines the ideolgy behind the construction,transmission and transformation of national image.“Image study” has grown from a general term to a well-defined theoretical approach.This paper traces the process and makes a comparative analysis ofTheBasicAnnalsoftheFirstEmperoroftheQintranslated by Yang Xianyi &Gladys Yang and Burton Watson from this perspective.By focusing on the different sequence arrangement,lexical choice,and translation strategy in these two translations,this paper discusses its relationship with “auto-image” and “other-image”,and further probes into the role of “inward” and “outward” translation in overseas national image building.

ThestatusquoofthetranslationofChineseclassicsintoforeignlanguagesanddigitalmethodsforupgrading(p.82)

WANGYun(Department of Foreign Languages,Taiyuan University,Taiyuan 030032,China;School of Foreign Languages and Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

ZHOUJinyou(School of Foreign Languages and Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

By analyzing the status quo of translating Chinese classics into foreign languages,the existing problems in the three phases of selecting the classics,producing translation and dissemination are listed.This paper suggests the digital methods for improvement by combining classics complex database,multi-lingual parallel corpus and dissemination case database into one platform for better performance in selecting Chinese classics to translate,formulating the model of the translation producing process,and realizing dissemination agenda-setting.By exploring effective methods of translating Chinese classics into foreign languages,the paper aims to assist the implementation of the strategies in the construction of the image of China and the dissemination of Chinese culture.

Theinfluenceofsourcelanguage’sdependencydistanceonstudentinterpreters’performanceinsimultaneousinterpretingwithtext(p.89)

WANGYe&ZOUDeyan(School of Advanced Translation and Interpretation,Dalian University of Foreign Languages,Dalian 116044,China)

Based on the Effort Model proposed by Daniel Gile,this research,through combined methods,explores the influence of dependency distance of the source language on student interpreters’ performance in simultaneous interpreting with text.The result shows that firstly,the greater the dependency distance of the source language is,the poorer performance student interpreters show in accuracy and fluency.Secondly,as the dependency distance increases,the cognitive loads of the student interpreters’ “short-term memory” and “l(fā)istening and analysis” increase,leading to the decline of their interpreting quality.Finally,student interpreters adopt the tactics of segmentation,ellipsis and generalization to improve the interpreting quality when dealing with sentences with greater dependency distance.

Anexplorationofstate-runinstitution’stranslationmodefromtheperspectiveofmedio-translatology:ReviewofTranslationandCommunicationofChineseLiteraturefrom1981 to 2007byPandaBooks(p.95)

LINJiaxin&XUKunpei(School of Foreign Studies，Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou 528100,China)

The study of translation and transmission path of Chinese literature is currently one of the hot spots in domestic academia.The bookChineseLiterature:TranslationandCommunicationofChineseLiteraturefrom1981 to 2007has conducted an in-depth exploration in this realm.This paper analyzes the patrons and describes the picture of the translation and transmission of Chinese literature.It also constructs the state-run institution’s translation mode for Chinese literature’s foreign transmission.It summarizes the book’s writing features,theoretical value and inspirational meaning so as to draw attention from scholars in academia.

AReviewofSensoryLinguistics:Language,PerceptionandMetaphor(p.99)

YANGJixue(School of English Studies,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

DENGYu(College of Language Intelligence,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

Sensory linguistics is a new subject,which mainly studies the representation of senses in language and cognition.SensoryLinguistics:Language,PerceptionandMetaphorprobes into sensory linguistics and English sensory words with quantitative corpus-based methods.The book offers an innovative account of the folklore model of five senses,embodied lexicon hypothesis,synesthesia,metaphor and ineffability.This review presents the main contents of the book and makes comments on its merits and limitations.