包強 肖蕾 周品謙 李耀明 歐高財 王沅江


摘 要:為明確玫煙色棒束孢菌對茶芽粗腿象甲的室內(nèi)毒殺作用,試驗以孢子濃度為2.5×107、5.0×107、7.5×107、1.0×108個/mL 的玫煙色棒束孢菌孢子懸浮液進行處理。結(jié)果表明:玫煙色棒束孢菌對茶芽粗腿象甲有明顯致病性,隨著孢子濃度的增大,茶芽粗腿象甲的致死率增大,推薦使用孢子濃度為(7.5~10.0)×107 個/mL的玫煙棒束孢菌懸浮液防治茶芽粗腿象甲。
關(guān)鍵詞:玫煙棒束孢菌;茶芽粗腿象甲;致病性;防治
中圖分類號:S571.1; S435.4文獻標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1006-060X(2020)10-0072-03
Abstract: In order to evaluate the indoor effect of Isaria fumosorosea Wize on Ochyromera quadrimaculata Voss, four concentrations of Isaria fumosorosea suspension, (2.5×107, 5.0×107, 7.5×107 and 1 .0×108 spores/mL), were used in the test. The results showed that Isaria fumosorosea Wize had obvious pathogenicity to the pest. With the increase of the concentration of the spore suspension, the lethal rate of Ochyromera quadrimaculata Voss increased significantly. We recommend (7.5-10.0)×107 spores/mL of Isaria fumosorosea suspension for the control of Ochyromera quadrimaculata Voss.
Key words: Isaria fumosorosea Wize; Ochyromera quadrimaculata Voss; pathogenicity; control
玫煙色棒束孢(Isaria fumosorosea Wize)曾被移入擬青霉屬[1],稱為玫煙色擬青霉(Paecilomyces fumosoroseus),后移入棒束孢屬[2],是一類常見的昆蟲病原真菌。其瓶梗單生或輪生于孢子梗上,瓶狀或近球形,壁光滑,透明,長7~15 μm,寬1.5~2.0 μm;分生孢子單胞,多柱形或擬梭型,光滑,透明至肉色,長3~4 μm,寬1~2 μm,呈鏈狀[3],無厚垣孢子。該菌寄主范圍較廣,可寄生菜果茶等園藝作物上一些鱗翅目、鞘翅目、同翅目、膜翅目、雙翅目害蟲[4-5]。研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)玫煙色棒束孢對茶小綠葉蟬等茶樹害蟲有較強的致病力[6]。目前,國內(nèi)外對玫煙色棒束孢相關(guān)研究報道集中在分類鑒定、生物學(xué)及致病力以及防治應(yīng)用等方面[7-8]。玫煙色棒束孢在自然界一般存活在土壤和昆蟲尸體中,當(dāng)遇到新的寄主昆蟲且環(huán)境適宜時產(chǎn)生分生孢子,形成新的侵染,并不斷感染新的寄主,在自然生境中形成流行病,在害蟲防治方面有一定優(yōu)勢。
茶芽粗腿象甲(Ochyromera quadrimaculata Voss)又名茶四斑小象甲,近年來在湖南石門縣等湘北茶區(qū)為害程度呈上升態(tài)勢,該蟲一年發(fā)生1代,以幼蟲在茶叢根際土壤中越冬[9-10]。……