袁紅 侴樹國 金喜慶 王建 張明輝



摘要: 文中采用ER309L核級不銹鋼焊絲在生產條件下進行了電渣重熔試驗,研究了不同渣系對該鋼種電渣過程脫硫率的影響。結果表明,采用不同渣系重熔脫硫率不同;電渣重熔過程不同階段脫硫率呈階梯式變化規律,在重熔初期脫硫率高于重熔中期,電渣封頂期間脫硫率顯著降低,正常重熔階段脫硫率比較穩定。在CaF2Al2O3SiO2渣系中,隨SiO2含量的增加脫硫率下降,當SiO2含量達25%時還會導致明顯的燒錳增硅現象。采用預熔渣+螢石渣系,螢石配比為20%和30%時,隨螢石配比增加,重熔錠底部脫硫率下降,重熔錠頂部脫硫率基本相當;同時隨螢石配比增加硅的燒損降低。
關鍵詞: 不銹鋼焊絲;電渣重熔;脫硫率
中圖分類號: TG 422.3
Abstract: Electroslag remelting experiment of ER309L nuclear stainless steel welding wire was carried out in this paper,the influence of different slag systems on desulfurization rate of electroslag process was studied.The results show that the desulfurization rate is different with different electroslag remelting systems. The desulfurization rate in different stages of electroslag remelting showed a step change rule. The desulfurization rate in early remelting is higher than that in middle remelting. The desulfurization rate decreased significantly during electroslag capping, and the desulfurization rate is stable in normal remelting stage.In CaF2Al2O3SO2 slag series, the desulfurization rate decreases with the increase of SiO2 content.The content of manganese decreases and the content of silicon increases obviously,when the content of SiO2 reaches 25%.With the increase of CaF2, the desulfurization rate at the bottom of remelted ingot decreased, and the desulfurization rate at the top of remelted ingot is basically the same,when the ratio of CaF2 in the prefused slag + CaF2 slag system is 20% and 30%. At the same time, the burning rate of silicon decreases with the increase of CaF2 ratio.
Key words: stainless steel welding wire; electroslag remelting; desulfurization rate
0 前言
硫在不銹鋼中是一種極其有害的元素,尤其是對于ER309L這種奧氏體不銹鋼焊接材料極易導致焊接熱裂紋[1-4],在核電領域使用的核級材料對于硫的要求極其嚴格,一般含硫量限制在0.010%以下,同時對硫含量的均勻性也有很高的要求。隨著冶煉技術的提高脫硫已經不再是工藝難點了,電渣重熔過程可以有效去硫,一般情況下脫硫率可達50%以上[5],又因為電渣重熔過程的其他諸多優點,在核電焊材生產時往往選擇電渣工藝[6]。ER309L焊絲多用于合成纖維、石油化工等設備制造的相同類型的不銹鋼結構及復合鋼、異種鋼等構件,也可用于核反應堆、壓力容器內壁過渡層堆焊和塔內構件焊接[7]。為了提高焊接質量的可靠性,焊絲質量穩定性和一致性要具有相當高的水平,焊絲中的硫含量的控制尤為關鍵。……