周榮穩 李昌徽



摘要: 在Al/Cu異種材料焊接時,由于本身性能有較大差別,特別是物理和化學性能,這是焊接的困難所在,固相焊中的超聲波滾焊焊接方法特別適合異種材料的焊接。文中采用TIG電弧預熱減小焊接時工件溫差和超聲波滾焊工藝結合在一起使用,此方法下,TIG電弧的預熱和超聲波振動機械能的共同作用可以有效提高該焊接方法的焊接能力。在試驗的過程中改變輸入的電流值,對各種參數下的異種材料滾焊接頭進行全面的比對分析,發現異種材料之間的超聲波滾焊過程是一種基于焊接區金屬充分貼合、塑性變形、機械嵌合及界面區原子擴散與鍵合等作用的焊接過程,實現了Al/Cu異種材料超聲波滾焊連接。
關鍵詞: Al/Cu異種材料; TIG電弧預熱; 超聲波滾焊; 機械嵌合
中圖分類號: TG 44
Abstract: In the Al/Cu dissimilar materials welding, because their own performance is quite different, especially the physical and chemical properties, which is welding difficulties. Ultrasonic rolling welding in solid phase welding is especially suitable for welding heterogeneous materials. In this paper, TIG arc preheating is adopted to reduce the temperature difference between the workpiece and ultrasonic rolling welding process. Under this method, the joint action of the preheating of TIG arc and the mechanical energy of ultrasonic vibration can effectively improve the welding capacity of this welding method. Changing the input current value in the process of the test results, the various parameters of rolling dissimilar materials welding head to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis, it is founded that ultrasonic seam welding process between dissimilar materials is a kind of based on fully joint weld zone metals, plastic deformation and mechanical chimeric and atomic diffusion in the interface area and the bonding effect of welding process, which realizes the Al/Cu ultrasonic seam welding of dissimilar materials.
Key words: Al/Cu heterogeneous materials; TIG arc preheating; ultrasonic rolling welding; mechanical chimeric
基金項目:國家自然科學基金項目(50628506,50705049)
0 前言
在Al/Cu異種材料焊接時,成功案例和經驗較少,實際應用中兩者焊接特別困難。超聲波滾壓焊接方法屬于固相焊的一種,實際應用技術成熟,適合焊接異種材料,但是固相焊并不容易實施影響了應用范圍[1]。TIG電弧的預熱可以提高超聲波滾壓焊的焊接質量和應用范圍。文中探究不同焊接速度下的Al/Cu異種材料超聲波滾焊工藝,為獲得超聲波焊接速度和電流值的最佳配合,在一定速度下改變電流值進行焊接試驗。通過對試件進行物象成分、組織特征、接頭力學性能等分析,進而了解Al/Cu異種材料的焊接特點和工藝要求,并研究Al/Cu異種材料的連接的機理。……