內蒙古東部地區經濟發展與生態環境相關性研究

王玥 王燕 曹秉帥

摘要 生態環境與經濟發展二者之間的關系錯綜復雜，既相互矛盾又相互依存、相互促進。“環境庫茲涅茨曲線”理論指出一個經濟體的環境質量（污染）與其經濟發展呈倒U型（U型）曲線關系，即環境質量隨經濟發展呈先下降后上升的趨勢。因此，開展生態環境狀況與社會經濟關系的調查分析，對一個經濟體階段性發展的精準定位、政策擬定及可持續發展規劃具有重要指導意義。基于時間序列數據對巴林右旗地區近20年的生態環境質量與經濟發展狀況進行相關性分析，結果發現：①巴林右旗地區目前處于“環境庫茲涅茨曲線”拐點左側，即生態環境質量隨經濟發展逐漸下降階段。②土地墾殖率與經濟發展強度呈高度正相關，人工種草面積與圍封草場面積與經濟水平、工業化程度呈負相關，直接或間接的表明經濟發展和產業結構轉型的同時導致了生態環境的惡化。③三產結構與草場面積之間的變化規律揭示出提升第三產業水平有助于緩解甚至改善圍封草場面積持續降低的態勢，繼而推動整體環境質量轉好。

關鍵詞 生態環境;經濟發展;相關性分析

中圖分類號 X171.1;F062.2文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2019）19-0081-07doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.024

Abstract The relationship between the ecological environment and economic development is complex and complicated，they are contradictory，so as interdependent and mutually reinforcing.The “environmental Kuznets curve” theory points out there is an inverse U-shaped （U-shaped） curve between environmental quality （contamination） and economic development，that is，the environmental quality declines first with economic development，then rises.Therefore，conducting investigation and analysis of the relationship between ecological environment and social economy can give important guidance for the precise positioning，policy formulation and sustainable development planning of economy staged development.Based on 20 years data，the correlations between the ecological environment quality and economic development in the Bahrain Right Banner area was carried out.The results showed that：①The ecological environment quality of Balinyouqi area is currently on the left side of the “Environmental Kuznets Curve” inflection point，and it gradually declines with economic development.②The land reclamation rate is highly positively correlated with the economic development intensity.Artificial grass planting area and enclosed grassland area are negatively correlated with economic level and industrialization degree，directly or indirectly indicating that economic development and industrial structure transformation lead to ecology deterioration.③The change rule between the thirdproduct structure and the grassland area reveals upgrading the level of the tertiary industry will help alleviate or improve the state of continuous reduction of enclosed grassland area，and then promote the overall environmental quality to enhance.

Key words Ecological environment;Economic development;Correlation analysis

生態環境的建設離不開經濟社會的發展，經濟社會的發展是環境建設的強大推力。20世紀50年代，美國經濟學家庫茲涅茨[1]指出人均收入水平與收入分配程度之間呈倒U型曲線的特征。1991年，Grossman等[2]在對美洲52個城市的大氣質量數據與經……