心理干預對嚴重燒傷患者心理健康及生活質量的影響

李夢凡　王玲　古蘭

[摘要]目的：通過“烙印天使”微信公眾平臺對患者進行心理干預，探討其對嚴重燒傷患者焦慮、抑郁及生活質量等狀態的影響。方法：將126例嚴重燒傷患者采用隨機數字表法隨機分為觀察組（64例）和對照組（62例），對照組給予常規定期隨訪，觀察組在此基礎上利用“烙印天使”微信公眾平臺對其進行心理干預，利用相關量表對患者的心理及生活狀況進行評估。結果：通過“烙印天使”微信公眾平臺干預后，觀察組焦慮、抑郁程度明顯低于對照組，生活質量明顯高于對照組（P<0.05），具有統計學意義。結論：利用微信公眾平臺護理可以明顯改善嚴重燒傷患者的焦慮和抑郁狀態并提高其生活質量，具有重要的臨床意義。

[關鍵詞]燒傷患者;微信公眾平臺;心理健康;焦慮;抑郁

[中圖分類號]R47? ? [文獻標志碼]B? ? [文章編號]1008-6455（2019）10-0147-03

Abstract： Objective? The psychological intervention of the patients was conducted by the WeChat platform， and the influence on anxiety， depression and quality of life of patients with severe burns were discussed. Methods? 126 patients with severely burned were randomly divided into the experimental group （64 patients） and the control group （62 patients）. The control group was given normal follow-up， and the experimental group was given normal follow-up and WeChat public platform psychological intervention. The anxiety， depression levels and quality of life of the patients were assessed by relevant scales. Results? With the WeChat public platform psychological intervention， the anxiety and depression levels of the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group， and the quality of life in the experimental group was significantly improved than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion? The "burned angel" WeChat public platform can significantly decrease the anxiety and depression of patients with severely burns and improve their life quality， which has an important role in clinical care.

Key words： patient with severely burns; WeChat public platform; mental health; anxious; depressed

燒傷不同于其他創傷，不僅造成患者生理上的嚴重創傷，還會帶來面部毀容、功能障礙、瘢痕疼痛、睡眠紊亂等問題，引起人際交往障礙、社會適應能力缺失，最終導致精神疾病的發生[1]。我國燒傷患者抑郁癥的發生率為30%～62.3%[2]，這些負面情緒不僅嚴重影響患者的生活質量，還會降低其免疫力，損害防御功能，延緩患者康復[3]。因此，本文探討使用微信平臺的健康教育對嚴重燒傷患者焦慮和抑郁的影響。

1? 資料和方法

1.1 一般資料：選取2017年1月-2018年5月筆者醫院收治的126例燒傷患者。隨機分成觀察組（64例）和對照組（62例），其中男95例，女31例，年齡41～74歲（52.58±7.43）歲，105例重度燒傷，18例中度燒傷，3例輕度燒傷，見表1。

1.2 納入及排除標準：納入標準：愿意參與本研究者;有燒傷的臨床癥狀，并選擇進行臨床治療者。排除標準：患有精神病、神經系統疾病或具有家族史;服用抗抑郁藥物者;具有其他可導致抑郁及焦慮因素的人群。……